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NTDT401 > Niacin > Flashcards

Niacin Flashcards

1
Q

Niacin structure

A

pyridine ring + carboxy/amide group

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2
Q

What are the 2 niacin forms

A

vitamers and coenzymes

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3
Q

Vitamers

A

nicotinic acid and nicotinamide

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4
Q

coenzymes

A

NAD and NADP (nucleotides and phosphate)

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5
Q

Food sources

A

meats, legumes, whole grain/enriched bread

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6
Q

What can niacin be formed from

A

tryptophan

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7
Q

How much tryptophan is 1 niacin equivalent

A

60mg (1.4% from animal sources)

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8
Q

bioavailability

A

may be bound to complex CHO or small peptides

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9
Q

what food is niacin not available

A

corn products

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10
Q

digestion

A

NAD and NADP are hydrolyzed within GI to free nicotinamide

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11
Q

How is niacin absorbed

A

sodium-dependent saturable system; passive at higher concentrations

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12
Q

how is niacin transported within RBC

A

nicotinic acid converted into nicotinamide

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13
Q

how is niacin transported within plasma

A

nicotinamide

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14
Q

how does niacin enter cells

A

simple diffusion

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15
Q

what type of enzymes require NAD and NADP

A

dehydrogenases

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16
Q

oxidative reactions function

A

removes H

17
Q

reductive biosynthesis function

A

fatty acid synthesis’ needed for reduction of GSSG to GSH

18
Q

nonredox functions

A

NAD acts as donor of ADP-ribose for posttranslational modification of proteins; sirtuins

19
Q

How is NAD/NADP metabolized

A

degraded into nicotinamide and ADP-ribose

20
Q

How niacin excreted

A

nicotinamide is methylated and oxidized

21
Q

niacin DRI/RDA

A

16 and 14 NE

22
Q

niacin UL

A

35mg (synthetic form only)

23
Q

what is niacin deficiency

A

pellagra

24
Q

Pellgra

A

dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea, death

25
Q

what may cause niacin deficiency

A

anti-TB drug, Hartnup disease, malabsorption disorders

26
Q

what can high doses of nicotinic acid treat

A

high cholesterol; may cause histamine release, liver damage, high glucose, and more

27
Q

assessment

A

urinary N-methyl nicotinamide

NTDT401 (20 decks)

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