Pancytopeania Flashcards
Define pancytopeania
Deficiency of all blood cell lineages; low platelets, low red cells, low white cells
(Doesn’t really include lymphocytes)
Pancytopeania is always associated with marrow failure. T or F
False
Inherited marrow failure syndromes are all associated with an increased risk of ……
cancer
Name the inherited marrow failure syndrome we were taught?
Fanconi’s anaemia
Fanconi’s anaemia:
- presents in what age range
- hypo or hyperpigmentation
- what skeletal abnormalitity
- first detectable blood abnormality
Children
Hyperpigmentation
Absent thumbs / radius
Macrocytosis
What is the pathology behind aplastic anaemia?
Autoimmune T cell against haematopoietic stem cell
Is aplastic anaemia hyper, normo or hypo-cellular?
Hypocellular
Is the myeloid or lymphoid lineage effected by aplastic anaemia?
Myeloid
Myelodysplasia is a precursor to what?
AML
What age range does myelodysplasia occur in?
Elderly
Is myelodysplasia hyper, normo or hypo-cellular?
Hypercellular
Are blasts found in myelodysplasia?
Yes but less than 20%
What tests are done for myelodysplasia?
Blood count
Blood film
Marrow biopsy
Name 5 secondary causes of marrow failure?
Drugs HIV Met B12/folate Stroage disease
Name 3 drugs that can cause a secondary marrow failure
Allopurinol
Chloramphenicol
Methotrexate
(Also alcohol)
Is drug induced pancytopeania hyper, normo or hypo-cellular?
Hypocellular
Is HIV induced pancytopeania hyper, normo or hypo-cellular?
Hypocellular
Is B12/folate induced pancytopeania hyper, normo or hypo-cellular?
Hypercellular
Pathology of what organ in the abdominal cavity can cause pancytopenia?
Hypersplenism
Is hypersplenism induced pancytopeania hyper, normo or hypo-cellular?
Hypercellular
In hypersplenism is the transit time in the spleen increased or decreased? Are the more or less cells than usual in the spleen?
Slower transit time - means more cell destroyed whilst
More cells than usual in spleen - less in circulation
Portal HTN, CHF and Felty’s syndrome all have what complication?
Hypersplenism
Is a marrow biopsy always indicated when investigating pancytopeania?
Yes
DOUBLE CHECK THIS
What is the treatment of inherited marrow failure syndromes?
Supportive
Marrow transplant
What is the management of aplastic anaemia?
Immunosuppress
