Pancytopeania Flashcards
Define pancytopeania
Deficiency of all blood cell lineages; low platelets, low red cells, low white cells
(Doesn’t really include lymphocytes)
Pancytopeania is always associated with marrow failure. T or F
False
Inherited marrow failure syndromes are all associated with an increased risk of ……
cancer
Name the inherited marrow failure syndrome we were taught?
Fanconi’s anaemia
Fanconi’s anaemia:
- presents in what age range
- hypo or hyperpigmentation
- what skeletal abnormalitity
- first detectable blood abnormality
Children
Hyperpigmentation
Absent thumbs / radius
Macrocytosis
What is the pathology behind aplastic anaemia?
Autoimmune T cell against haematopoietic stem cell
Is aplastic anaemia hyper, normo or hypo-cellular?
Hypocellular
Is the myeloid or lymphoid lineage effected by aplastic anaemia?
Myeloid
Myelodysplasia is a precursor to what?
AML
What age range does myelodysplasia occur in?
Elderly
Is myelodysplasia hyper, normo or hypo-cellular?
Hypercellular
Are blasts found in myelodysplasia?
Yes but less than 20%
What tests are done for myelodysplasia?
Blood count
Blood film
Marrow biopsy
Name 5 secondary causes of marrow failure?
Drugs HIV Met B12/folate Stroage disease
Name 3 drugs that can cause a secondary marrow failure
Allopurinol
Chloramphenicol
Methotrexate
(Also alcohol)
Is drug induced pancytopeania hyper, normo or hypo-cellular?
Hypocellular
Is HIV induced pancytopeania hyper, normo or hypo-cellular?
Hypocellular
Is B12/folate induced pancytopeania hyper, normo or hypo-cellular?
Hypercellular
Pathology of what organ in the abdominal cavity can cause pancytopenia?
Hypersplenism
Is hypersplenism induced pancytopeania hyper, normo or hypo-cellular?
Hypercellular
In hypersplenism is the transit time in the spleen increased or decreased? Are the more or less cells than usual in the spleen?
Slower transit time - means more cell destroyed whilst
More cells than usual in spleen - less in circulation
Portal HTN, CHF and Felty’s syndrome all have what complication?
Hypersplenism
Is a marrow biopsy always indicated when investigating pancytopeania?
Yes
DOUBLE CHECK THIS
What is the treatment of inherited marrow failure syndromes?
Supportive
Marrow transplant
