Pancreas. Glucagon and its functions. Regulation of glucagon secretion

Question 1

glycogen - intro

Answer 1

peptide hormone

produced by beta cells of islet of langerhans, exocrine gland

released during fasting state when blood sugar conc. is low

Question 2

glycogen - function 1

Answer 2

releases insulin into bloodstream to increase blood sugar conc.

Question 3

glycogen - function 2

Answer 3

glycogenolysis

glycogen -> glucose
- in liver to be released into bloodstream

Question 4

glycogen - function 3

Answer 4

gluconeogenesis

production of glucose from non carbohydrate sources
- in liver into bloodstream

Question 5

glycogen - function 3

Answer 5

glycogenesis inhibited
= conversion of glucose -> glycogen for storage

Question 6

glycogen - function 5

Answer 6

lipolysis

triglyceride -> fatty acid + glycerol
from adipose tissue into bloodstream

Question 7

regulation of glycogen secretion - 1

Answer 7

hyperglycemia = high blood sugar conc.

glycogen action is inhibited
as glycogen already functions to increase blood sugar conc

more uptake from their origin of alpha cells

Question 8

regulation of glycogen secretion - 2

Answer 8

hypoglycemia = low blood sugar conc.

glycogen is secreted as it functions to increase low blood sugar conc.

more release from their origin of alpha cells

Question 9

regulation of glycogen secretion - 3

Answer 9

glucagon works with insulin

when insulin is high, glucagon is low to prevent extra release of extra glucose

Question 10

regulation of glycogen secretion - 4

Answer 10

after eating high protein meal, amino acids (alanine/ arginine)

in the blood stimulate glucagon

this prevents blood sugar conc. from being too low

Question 11

regulation of glycogen secretion - 5

Answer 11

stress activates SNS releasing adrenaline
this stimulates glucagon to be released

Question 12

regulation of glycogen secretion - 6

Answer 12

after meal, incretins released
- glucagon like peptide 1
- gastric inhibitory peptide

glucagon is secreted less