Hypothalamus control of pituitary secretion. Posterior pituitary gland and its relation to the hypothalamus. Posterior pituitary hormon

Question 1

Hypothalamus control of pituitary secretion - location

Answer 1

hypothalamus is located above pituitary gland
and below thalamus

Question 2

Hypothalamus control of pituitary secretion - function 1

Answer 2

controls release/ inhibition of hormones for homeostasis

Question 3

Hypothalamus control of pituitary secretion - function 2

Answer 3

controls anterior pituitary gland by hypophyseal portal system

Question 4

Hypothalamus control of pituitary secretion - function 3

Answer 4

controls posterior pituitary gland by producing hormones for it and sent along its PPG axon

Question 5

Hypothalamus control of pituitary secretion - type 1

Answer 5

anterior pituitary = adenohypophysis

Question 6

Hypothalamus control of pituitary secretion - type 2

Answer 6

posterior pituitary = neurohypophysis

Question 7

anterior pituitary gland hormone - function

Answer 7

releases hormones into the hypophyseal portal system that connects the hypothalamus to anterior pituitary gland

Question 8

anterior pituitary gland hormone - 1

Answer 8

growth hormone

Question 9

anterior pituitary gland hormone - 2

Answer 9

TSH

Question 10

anterior pituitary gland hormone - 3

Answer 10

adreno-cortico-tropic hormone

Question 11

anterior pituitary gland hormone - 4

Answer 11

prolactin

Question 12

anterior pituitary gland hormone - 5

Answer 12

FSH

Question 13

anterior pituitary gland hormone - 6

Answer 13

LH

Question 14

posterior pituitary gland intro

Answer 14

located below hypothalamus
connected to it by infundibulum
made of nerve fibres, unlike APG made of glandular tissue
does not produce hormone, only stores + directly releases when produced by hypothalamus

Question 15

vasopressin origin

Answer 15

vasopressin

produced by supraoptic / paraventricular nuclei of hypothalamus

Question 16

vasopressin function 1

Answer 16

• triggered by high blood osmolarity
• ADH + V2 receptors = aquaporins form to help water absorption in collecting ducts/ distal tubules
• less water left in urine = low volume/ conc urine

Question 17

vasopressin function 2

Answer 17

triggered my low BP, vasopressin can cause vasoconstriction = increases blood pressure

Question 18

vasopressin - regulation

Answer 18

negative feedback mechanism

Question 19

oxytocin - origin

Answer 19

produced in the supraoptic/ paraventricular nuclei of hypothalamus

Question 20

oxytocin - function 1

Answer 20

• stimulates uterine contractions in labour

Question 21

oxytocin - function 2

Answer 21

• stimulates milk ejection (lactation) during breastfeeding from mammary glands

Question 22

oxytocin - regulation

Answer 22

positive feedback mechanism
- neuroendocrine reflex = infants suckling stimulates more oxytocin release

Question 23

mechanism to release hormone

Answer 23

1 - hormones are synthesised in cell bodies of hypothalmic nuclei

2 - hormones travel along axon in form of neurosecretory vesicles

3 - hormones stored in axon terminal of gland

4 - hormones released into blood upon neural signal