Pancreas and spleen

Question 1

What type of organs are the spleen and pancreas classified as?

Answer 1

Visceral organs in the foregut

Question 2

What is the prenatal function of the spleen?

Answer 2

Hematopoietic organ making fetal blood cells

Question 3

What are the main postnatal functions of the spleen?

Answer 3

• Lymphocyte proliferation
• Recycling center for damaged red blood cells and platelets
• Blood reservoir

Question 4

What shape is the spleen?

Answer 4

Oval

Question 5

Where is the spleen located in the abdomen?

Answer 5

Left upper quadrant

Question 6

What type of peritoneal organ is the spleen?

Answer 6

Intraperitoneal

Question 7

What is the splenic hilum?

Answer 7

The area where vasculature enters and exits the spleen

Question 8

What are the two surfaces of the spleen?

Answer 8

• Diaphragmatic surface
• Visceral surface

Question 9

What structures lie posterior to the spleen?

Answer 9

• Left diaphragm
• 9th to 11th ribs

Question 10

What ligament connects the spleen to the stomach?

Answer 10

Gastrosplenic ligament

Question 11

What ligament connects the spleen to the left kidney?

Answer 11

Splenorenal ligament

Question 12

What artery supplies blood to the spleen?

Answer 12

Splenic artery

Question 13

From where does the splenic artery originate?

Answer 13

Celiac trunk

Question 14

What vein drains blood from the spleen?

Answer 14

Splenic vein

Question 15

What is the pathway of venous blood from the spleen?

Answer 15

Splenic vein → Receives inferior mesenteric vein → Joins superior mesenteric vein → Forms hepatic portal vein

Question 16

What provides lymphatic drainage from the spleen?

Answer 16

Splenic lymph nodes

Question 17

What plexus provides innervation to the spleen?

Answer 17

Celiac plexus

Question 18

What type of organ is the pancreas classified as?

Answer 18

Retroperitoneal organ (except for the tail)

Question 19

What are the two main functions of the pancreas?

Answer 19

• Exocrine gland secreting pancreatic juices
• Endocrine gland secreting insulin and glucagon

Question 20

How many parts is the pancreas divided into?

Answer 20

Five parts

Question 21

What are the five parts of the pancreas?

Answer 21

• Head
• Uncinate process
• Neck
• Body
• Tail

Question 22

What is the main duct that carries digestive juices from the pancreas?

Answer 22

Main pancreatic duct

Question 23

What does the main pancreatic duct unite with?

Answer 23

Bile duct

Question 24

What is the hepatopancreatic ampulla also known as?

Answer 24

Ampulla of Vater

Question 25

Where does the hepatopancreatic ampulla enter?

Answer 25

Descending part of the duodenum

Question 26

What controls the flow of pancreatic juice and bile into the duodenum?

Answer 26

Sphincter of Oddi

Question 27

What branches supply blood to the pancreas?

Answer 27

* Pancreatic branches of the splenic artery * Anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries * Anterior and posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

Question 28

What veins drain blood from the pancreas?

Answer 28

Pancreatic veins

Question 29

What lymph nodes collect lymph from the pancreas?

Answer 29

* Pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes * Pyloric lymph nodes

Question 30

What nerves provide sympathetic innervation to the pancreas?

Answer 30

Greater and lesser splanchnic nerves

Question 31

What nerves provide parasympathetic innervation to the pancreas?

Answer 31

Vagus nerves

Question 32

The spleen is primarily responsible for _______.

Answer 32

[red blood cell and platelet filtration]

Question 33

The pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon to regulate _______.

Answer 33

[blood sugar metabolism]