Coronary circulation

Question 1

What is the primary function of the heart?

Answer 1

Sending blood throughout the body and bringing it back to the lungs.

Question 2

What is the blood supply for the heart itself called?

Answer 2

Coronary circulation.

Question 3

From where do the coronary arteries originate?

Answer 3

Right and left aortic sinuses.

Question 4

What does the right coronary artery (RCA) supply?

Answer 4

• Right atrium
• Most of the right ventricle
• Diaphragmatic part of the left ventricle
• Posterior third of the interventricular septum
• Sinoatrial node
• Atrioventricular node

Question 5

What branches does the RCA give off?

Answer 5

• Sinoatrial nodal branch
• Right marginal branch
• Atrioventricular nodal branch
• Posterior interventricular branch

Question 6

What is the origin of the left coronary artery (LCA)?

Answer 6

Left aortic sinus.

Question 7

What are the two main branches of the LCA?

Answer 7

• Anterior interventricular branch (LAD)
• Circumflex branch

Question 8

What does the anterior interventricular branch supply?

Answer 8

• Parts of both ventricles
• Anterior two thirds of the interventricular septum

Question 9

What is the circumflex artery’s trajectory?

Answer 9

Runs in the coronary sulcus around the left border of the heart towards the posterior surface.

Question 10

What is coronary arterial system dominance?

Answer 10

Refers to whether the right or left coronary artery gives off the posterior interventricular branch.

Question 11

What percentage of people have a right dominant coronary system?

Answer 11

67-85%.

Question 12

In what percentage of cases is the LCA dominant?

Answer 12

8-15%.

Question 13

What is co-dominance in the context of coronary arteries?

Answer 13

Both RCA and LCA give rise to branches running in or near the posterior IV groove.

Question 14

Fill in the blank: The RCA gives the sinoatrial nodal branch ______% of the time.

Answer 14

60%

Question 15

Fill in the blank: The RCA gives the atrioventricular nodal branch ______% of the time.

Answer 15

80%

Question 16

What is the main vein of the heart?

Answer 16

Coronary sinus.

Question 17

What is the great cardiac vein?

Answer 17

The main tributary of the coronary sinus that drains areas supplied by the LCA.

Question 18

What small vein merges with the great cardiac vein to form the coronary sinus?

Answer 18

Oblique vein of the left atrium (vein of Marshall).

Question 19

What veins drain areas supplied by the RCA?

Answer 19

• Middle cardiac vein
• Small cardiac vein
• Left posterior ventricular vein
• Left marginal vein

Question 20

What are the main branches of the coronary sinus?

Answer 20

• Great cardiac vein
• Middle cardiac vein
• Small cardiac vein

Question 21

True or False: The branches of the coronary arteries are considered functional end arteries.

Answer 21

True.

Question 22

What potential can develop between the termination of the right and left coronary arteries?

Answer 22

Collateral circulation.

Question 23

What does the RCA supply in terms of the diaphragmatic surface?

Answer 23

Diaphragmatic surface of the heart.

Question 24

What area does the LCA typically supply?

Answer 24

• Left atrium
• Most of the left ventricle
• Part of the right ventricle
• Anterior two thirds of the IVS

Question 25

What is the anatomical position of the coronary sinus?

Answer 25

Runs from left to right in the posterior part of the coronary sulcus.