Pancreas Flashcards
What are 3 key cell types that are improtant to exocrine fucntion of pancreas
acinar, duct, goblet
function of acinar cell
protein synthesizing cells
secrete digestive enzyme and fluid
functino of duct cell
secretes bicarb
helps with ion and water transport
function of goblet cell
secrete mucin
What are 2 primary stimuli for fluid and enzyme secretion by pancreatic acinar cells
CCK
Ach
function of CCK
promote fluid and enzyme secretion
promote through Ca++ signaling docking and vesicular release
will give neg feedback after there is enough fluid/enzymes
what do CCK and Ach both do
promote vesicle fusion, regulate Cl- ion channel
how are zymogens stores in pancrea
in vesicles with trypsin inhibitor. low pH of vesicle prevents enzyme activation
how are symogens activated in duodenum
entereopeptidase is secreted which converts trypsinogen to trypsin
What is the primary stimulus for secretion of bicarbonate from pancreatic duct cells
secretin
function of secretion
protect duodenal epithelium from acid by secreting bicarb
gives neg feedback to stomach
what are the 3 phases of pancreatic seceretion
cephalic, gastric, intestinal
how is the cephalic phase stimulated
sight, smell, taste, masticulation
how is the gastric phase stimulated
distension, gastrin, peptides/peptone
how is the intestinal phase stimulated
amino acids
fatty acids
H+
how is cephalic phase regulated
vagal pathway
how is gastric phase regulated
vagal/gastrin pwathway
how is intestinal phase reulgated
CCK, secretion, enteropancreatic reflex
what is the stimulus for returning the levels of pancreatic secretion from the fed state to interdigestive state
release of peptide YY and somatostatin
how does blood move through the liver
form portal vein to central vein
how does bile move through the liver
from the central vein to the portal vein
uptake in liver
freely diffused across the basolateral membrane
facilitated by FCTP
transport in liver
intracellular movements can be directed by binding more
biotransofrmation phase I
expsoe a functional group
biotransprotion phase II
making it more water soluble, and larger
secretion
secretion of produces across apical or basolateral membrane
what goes into blood
more water soluble
what goes into bile
less water soluble
bile salt biosynthetic pathway
cholesterol to bile acid to bile salt
what transforms secondary bile acids
gut bacteria
what secretes bile salts
liver
what inhibits secretion of bile into duodenum
somatostatine
what promotes secretion of bile into duodenum
CCK
what is enterohepatic cirucalation
recycling of bile
pancreastitis
inflammation of pancreas
decreases secretion of digestive enzymes which causes malaboprtion of dietary nutrients
portal hypertension
high blood pressure in protal venous system
leads to varices, splenomegaly, ascities and hepatic encephalopthy
jaudice
yellowing of skin due to elevated bilirubin
impaired bile excretion from liver
cirrhosis
fibrosis of hepatic tissue resulting in altered hepatic blood flow and function
causes portal hypertension, jaundice
cholestasis
impaired bile flow
caused by choleslithiasis and cholescysitis
cholithaisis
gallstone formation
overproduction of cholesterol or impaired production of bile salts
cholecystitis
inflammation of gallbladder
can be caused by stones lodged in cystic duct
