palynology and micropaleo Flashcards

1
Q

interdisciplinary science between geology and biology, particulary on botany

A

palynology

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2
Q

forms the exine of pollens and sporoderm of the spores and which consists in extremely resistant biological polymers

A

sporopollenin

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3
Q

most abundant fossil of terrestrial origanisms

A

spores and pollens

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4
Q

classified on laesurae

A

spores

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5
Q

a spore with 3 laesurae

A

trilete

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6
Q

a spore with one laesurae

A

monolete

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7
Q

classified on colpation or sulcation, male gametes produced by plants

A

pollen grains

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8
Q

age of earliest gymnosperm

A

late devonian

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9
Q

age of earliest angiosperm

A

early cretaceous

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10
Q

group of unicellular protists that are recognized by their golden brown chloroplasts (15-100 μm)

A

dinoflagellates

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11
Q

are defined as small, organic-walled microfossils of unknown biological affinity

A

acritarchs

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12
Q

large (50-200 μm) flask shaped palynomorphs

A

chitinozoa

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13
Q

unicellular microorganism with shells/tests mainly made up of calcium carbonate

A

foraminifera

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14
Q

temporary extensions on the surface of a microorganism

A

pseudopods

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15
Q

free floating foraminifer, in the upper 200 m water column, early jurassic

A

planktonic

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16
Q

bottom dwelling forams, early cambrian

A

benthic

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17
Q

single-celled phytoplanktons that live in the upper layers of ocean, surrounded by atleast 30 microscopic plating of carbonates (cocolith)

A

cocolithophores

18
Q

individual carbonate platelet or ring screted by cocolithophores

A

cocolith

19
Q

resting or dormant resting cell of dinoflagellate

A

dynocyst

20
Q

when dinoflagellates reproduce rapidly

A

red tide

21
Q

siliceous microfossils

A

protists

22
Q

single most important group of oceanic primary producers, early jurassic

A

diatoms (greek “diatomos” meaning “cut in two”)

23
Q

fine-grained higly siliceous rock rich in diatom’s remains called frustules

A

diatomite

24
Q

open ocean, silica-secreting, zooplanktons
unique feature: central capsule - divides into endoplasma and ectoplasma
early cambrian

A

radiolarians

25
Q

planktonic marine chromists that are both photosynthetic and heterotrophic, early creataceous

A

silicoflagellate “golden algae”

26
Q

tests: built from organic matter and mineral cemented together by an organic calcareous cement

A

agglutinated

27
Q

tests: made up of calcium carbonate or aragonite

A

calcareous

28
Q

tests: calcareous wall whose shells have a clear or translucent appearance with tiny pores

A

hyaline

29
Q

tests: composed of microscopic needles formed insed the foram and moved outside of the cell

A

porcelaneous

30
Q

tests: made of tightly packed grains of calcium carbonate, but with no obvious cement

A

microgranular

31
Q

tests: pore diameter less than 1 μm

A

micro perforate

32
Q

tests: pore around 1-3 μm

A

finely perforate

33
Q

tests: pores greater than 3 μm

A

macro-perforate

34
Q

benthic forams on the surface

A

epibenthos

35
Q

benthic forams buried in the surface

A

endobenthos

36
Q

benthic: 0-1 cm depth in the sediments

A

epifaunal

37
Q

benthic: 1-2 cm depth in the sediments

A

shallow infaunal

38
Q

benthic: 2-3 cm depth in the sediments

A

intermediate infaunal

39
Q

benthic: 3-15 cm depth in the sediments

A

deep infaunal

40
Q

microorganism that swim or go against the currents

A

nektonic

41
Q

study of the past climates

A

paleoclimatology

42
Q

extent of heat driven reactions that alter the composition of organic matter

A

thermal maturation