Paleogeogprahy and Plate Tectonics

Question 1

what is the name of the super continent

Answer 1

Pangea

Question 2

what did Wegener theorized

Answer 2

he noticed that the eastern coastline of South america and western coastline Africa looked like they were connected
-> he suggested these two continents, and others, were connected and then drifted apart

Question 3

what was a flaw of Wegener’s theorization in the beginning

Answer 3

there was no convincing evidence for how land masses as big as they are were could move

Question 4

true or false - below the earth’s surface, it is a uniform mass of rock

Answer 4

false - it is not uniform

Question 5

what is the outermost layer of the earth
a) mantle
b) crust
c) surface

Answer 5

b

Question 6

true or false - the mantle is the thinnest

Answer 6

false - the crust is

Question 7

name the layer beneath the crust

Answer 7

mantle

Question 8

true or false - the uppermost portion of the mantle is solid

Answer 8

true

Question 9

what are the two layers of the mantle and describe each one

Answer 9

1. lithosphere -> solid, composed of many discrete pieces
2. asthenosphere -> viscous and slowly flowing , may be deformed due to the weight about

Question 10

where is the core and what is it composed of

Answer 10

it is found below the mantle -> iron and nickel

Question 11

define the main difference between the inner and outer core

Answer 11

outer core is molten liquid
inner core is a solid ball - temperature is about the same as the surface of the sun

Question 12

explain the convection currents

Answer 12

these currents are created by the extreme heat in the inner layers
-> they affect the plates and cause them to move slowly

Question 13

what happens if the cool crust is more dense than the below layers

Answer 13

causes the lithosphere plates to slowly sink and melt into the lower layers

Question 14

the term used to describe the movement of the lithosphere is

Answer 14

plate tectonics

Question 15

what has provided an explanation for drifting continents

Answer 15

plate tectonics

Question 16

by the end of what period and start of what period formed Pangea

Answer 16

end of Permian and start of Triassic

Question 17

what is Panthalassa

Answer 17

single super ocean

Question 18

true or false during the late triassic and early jurassic, dinosaurs were alike… why or why not

Answer 18

true because Pangea was unbroken -> no barriers

Question 19

what dinosaur group was found worldwide during Pangea

Answer 19

prosauropods

Question 20

when did the first sauropods evolve

Answer 20

late in the triassic

Question 21

select the correct features of a diplodocids (more than 1)
a) long necked
b) short necked
c) elongated skull
d) longer front legs
e) simple teeth
f) sharp teeth
g) teeth all over mouth

Answer 21

a,c,e

Question 22

where are the teeth in diplodocids

Answer 22

only in the front of mouth

Question 23

what are three examples of macronarians

Answer 23

brachiosaurus and giraffatitan and camarasaurus

Question 24

true or false - macronarians did not have long necks

Answer 24

false - they did

Question 25

what two dinosaurs were found side by side in the fossil quarry

Answer 25

camarasaurus and diplodocus

Question 26

define the differences between camarasaurus and diplodocus

Answer 26

camamrasaurus - teeth in all of mouth, powerful mouth, spoon/robust teeth, not picky eaters -> macronarians diplodocus - teeth only in front, picky eater, adapted to reach high, peg teeth -> sauropods

Question 27

when two similar animals avoid direct competition for resources, this is called

Answer 27

niche partitioning

Question 28

what was the well known thyreophorans and from what period were they from

Answer 28

jurassic period -> stegosaurus

Question 29

the jurassic gazelle is referring to what group of dinosaurs

Answer 29

ornithopods - long legs for speed

Question 30

camptosaurus is a) iguanodont b) tyrannosoid c) therapod

Answer 30

a

Question 31

in the late jurassic, a new group of big carnivorous dinosaurs evolved called ....

Answer 31

allosauroids

Question 32

what made allosauroids significant for predators

Answer 32

spines were stiffer, long legs which meant fast running

Question 33

what is the most successful predator in the late jurassic

Answer 33

allosauroids

Question 34

the chicken sized therapod is a) allosaurus b) camptosaurus c) compsognathus

Answer 34

c

Question 35

true or false - compsagnethus is part of the allosauroids

Answer 35

false - it is part of the coelurosaur (therapods)

Question 36

select the features of a coelurosaur a) big hands b) narrow hands c) long sacral vertebrae d) heavy tails e) light tails

Answer 36

b,c,e

Question 37

true or false - laurasia was composed of NA, europe and africa

Answer 37

false - NA, europe and Asia (NEA)

Question 38

what are the continents in southern Gondwana

Answer 38

SA, australia, africa, antarctica, Madagascar and India (SAAAMI)

Question 39

what were the dominant species in africa

Answer 39

therapods -> spinosaurs and carcharodontosaurids

Question 40

what were the dominant species in NA and europe

Answer 40

igunaodontians, anylosaurs and sauropods

Question 41

in what continent did the first ceratopsians evolve

Answer 41

asia

Question 42

what two continents were still connected until the end of Creataceous

Answer 42

antarctica and australia

Question 43

sauropod dinosaurs thrived where

Answer 43

in Gondwana