Pain Models

Question 1

Levels of the pain model.

Answer 1

• Tissue damage and Nociception
• Perception
• Appraisal
• Pain Behavior

Question 2

Is nociception synonymous with pain?

Answer 2

NO!

Question 3

Example of nociception without pain.

Answer 3

Local anesthesia

Question 4

Most common pain disorder in dentistry.

Answer 4

Myofascial pain

Question 5

An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage.

Answer 5

Pain

Question 6

Subtypes of pain:

Answer 6

1) Actual tissue damage
2) Potential tissue damage
3) A description (in some patient report) involving reference to tissue damage.

Question 7

Unpleasant abnormal sense of touch.

Answer 7

Dysesthesia

Question 8

Is pain a psychological or physical state?

Answer 8

Psychological

Question 9

Activity induced in the nociceptor and nociceptive pathways by a noxious stimulus is not what?

Answer 9

pain

Question 10

An unpleasant experience that comes from actual or potential damage.

Answer 10

Pain

Question 11

Tissue injury that stimulates pain receptors causes this kind of pain.

Answer 11

Nociceptive

Question 12

Damage to the nervous system causes this kind of pain

Answer 12

Neuropathic.

Question 13

T/F: As stimulus temperature increases, so does pain sensation intensity.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Increased sensitivity to pain.

Answer 14

Hyperalgesia

Question 15

Example of hyperalgesia.

Answer 15

Slapping a sunburn

Question 16

Pain from something that doesn’t normally cause pain.

Answer 16

Allodynia

Question 17

Example of allodynia.

Answer 17

Clothing on sunburned skin.

Question 18

Increased sensitivity to stimulation.

Answer 18

Hyperesthesia

Question 19

Example of hyperesthesia.

Answer 19

Increased sensitivity to wind blowing on sunburned skin.

Question 20

Altered sensation

Answer 20

Dysesthesia

Question 21

Allodynia and Hyperalgesia are involved with this kind of pain.

Answer 21

Neuropathic.

Question 22

Increased response to a repeated stimulus.

Answer 22

Sensitization

Question 23

Acute pain is inflammatory, Nociceptive, or Functional?

Answer 23

Inflammatory

Question 24

Chronic pain can be ________ or ________.

Answer 24

Nociceptive; Neuropathic; Inflammatory, or Functional

Question 25

Pain Models

Answer 25

Cartesian
Clinical
Transmission system-based
Pain processing-based

Question 26

Biomedical pain model

Answer 26

Pain is always a sign of tissue damage.

Pain and tissue damage have a linear relationship.

Question 27

Psychiatric pain model

Answer 27

Pain without pathology is psychogenic

Question 28

Biobehavioral pain model

Answer 28

Pain is a combination of physical and psychogenic elements.

It’s multidimensional and you can’t separate the different components of pain.

Question 29

Specific pain receptors transmit pain to a “pain center” in the brain to cause the perception of pain.

Answer 29

Specificity Theory

Question 30

Problems with the Specificity Theory

Answer 30

There’s pain without identifiable injury.

Injury without pain.

Injury and pain are disproportionate.

Temporal lag between injury and pain.

Non-specific effects of treatment.

Complex qualitative character of pain.