Lec 1 Flashcards
Universal features of TM Disorders
Muscle pain
Joint sounds
Restricted function
Prevalence definition.
How many people have the disease.
Incidence definition
How many people WILL develop the disease.
Prevalence for TMD
10%
TMD is more prevalent during which years?
Reproductive years
TMD prevalence decreases after which decade?
40s
Prevalence vs incidence for TMD.
Prevalence is greater bc it’s a chronic condition, so it takes time to develop.
Overall incidence rate of first-onset TMD.
3.9% per year
Women report….
More severe, frequent, and longer pain.
Males have more of this kind of pain.
Acute
Estrogen and peak TMD pain
TMD pain peaks at low estrogen levels, and at times of rapid estrogen chaged.
Estrogen levels during pregnancy.
HIGH, so little TMD pain.
How do hormonal fluctuations affect pain in women with TMD?
INCREASE
The most common diagnosis in TMD patient populations.
Myofascial pain
Age groups affected by TMD.
young adults and middle-aged adults.
TMD is how much more common in women?
Twice
African Americans had a __________ incidence of TMD compared to whites.
Greater
Relationship between occlusal characteristics and TMD diagnosis.
UNRELATED
Relationship between head position and TMD.
NONE
Why can’t we link skeletal abnormalities to the onset of TMD?
Because there’s
Bias
Lack of longitudinal studies
Lack of clinical trials
Psycho-physiological characteristics associated with TMD.
STRESS
Distress (Depression/Anxiety)
Parafunction
Any non-functional use of the motor system.
Parafunction
Examples of parafunction
Grinding Clenching Posturing Holding Using objects excessively Musical instruments
TMD populations have a high prevalence of this parafunction.
Bruxism
Having a higher psychological response to the disease.
Catastrophizing.
Strongest predictor of TMD incidence.
Parafunction
Risk factors for first-onset TMD.
- Pre-existing pain conditions
- Sleep disturbance
- Cigarette smoking
Why is cigarette smoking a risk factor for TMD?
Bc of the pharmacological effect where it lowers the pain threshold, so you feel more pain.
Women with this have higher energy densities.
+Disc Displacement
