Pain and language Flashcards
What are the 4 types of sensory receptors?
Thermoreceptors, Mechonoreceptors, chemoreceptors, and nociceptors
*Monitor temperature
* Located in the skin and in some parts of the central nervous system (hypothalamus and spinal cord).
*Help maintain stable body temperature.
Thermorecepors
- Monitor changes in the distortion of the cell membrane (eg. stretching and bending).
- Divided into 3 subtypes:
1. Tactile receptors
2. baroreceptors
3. proprioceptors
Mechanorecptors
What mechanoreceptor is for touch, pressure, vibration?
Tactile receptor
What mechanoreceptor is for pressure in blood vessels and vicera?
Barorecptor
What mechanoreceptor is for position of skeletal muscles and joints?
Proprioceptor
monitors changes in presure, found in blood vessels, heart (not on the skin)
Baroreceptors.
what are the 3 types of proprioceptors?
Joint capsule receptors, muscle spindals, Golgi tendon organs.
muscle spindle is a type of Proprioceptor responsible for?
Muscle length
Goldi tendon organ is a type of proprioceptor responsible for?
Muscle tension
Monitior changes in chemicals
chemoreceptors
- Detect potential or actual tissue damage (thermal, mechanical, polymodal)
- Found in skin, bones, skeletal muscles, less common in visceral tissues and organs.
- Free nerve ending.
Nociceptors
An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage.
Pain
inspired by the biopsychosocial model of pain.
Onion skin model
Why do we need pain.
Avoid tissue damage, know when we need to rest
how many languages are estimated to be in the world?
7000
describes the physical nature of the speech signal
Phonetics
Relates to the sound structure of language
Phonology.
Speach sounds and the smallest units that distinguish meaning in a given language.
Phonemes.
Relates to morphemes.
Morphology
can be words in themselves or can combine to create words.
morphemes.
Relates to the combination of meaningful units to create sentences.
syntax (grammar)
meaning of a larger unit is a function of meanings of its component parts as well as the nature of their combination
compositionality
relates to the meaning of linguistic units
Semantics
relates to language use.
Pragmatics
sounds like an English word but is not a real word
pseudoword
when you can start to identify a word.
uniqueness point
method for studying the speed and complexity of language processing.
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Small changes in the spontaneous electrical activity of the brain that are time-locked to cognitive or sensory events
Event-related potentials
language understanding is fast
true
EEG allow us to examine how language comprehension process unfolds on a ___level
Millisecon-by-millisecond
What are some of the cues used to determine speech stream into words.
sound combination, sound sequence, speech Rythm, word predictability
multiple analysis (interpretation) options
Ambiguity
