Pain

Question 1

Causes of Pain CR Patients

Answer 1

wound pain after surgery
pain from invasive devices such as drains or monitoring equipment
inflammation and infection
fractures and soft tissue injuries
musculoskeletal pain
cardiovascular disease - angina, pericarditis

Question 2

Clinical Significance

Answer 2

Reduced lung volumes 
- unable to take a deep breath 
- unable to mobilise out of bed 
- unable to ambulate at a sufficient level to elicit a cardiorespiratory response 
Impaired airway clearance 
- unable to generate sufficient vital capacity and therefore sufficient peak expiratory flow
- coughing/huffing too painful 
Acute Resultant Impairments 
- impaired gas exchange 
- dyspnoea
Chronic Resultant Impairments 
- decreased exercise tolerance 
- respiratory muscle and musculoskeletal dysfunction

Question 3

Measurement

Answer 3

Observation - for patients to can’t communicate verbally
- writhing, fidgeting, increased HR and RR and BP
Quantifying Tools - numerical rating scale, VAS

Question 4

Physio Management

Answer 4

work closely with other health care staff
advocate for patient and take action
knowledge of pain meds
timing of treatment around pain meds
teach supported FET/cough, how to support the painful area
education and reassurance
advice on positioning and relaxation techniques