Oncology Flashcards
Cancer Risk Factors
increased BMI physical inactivity tabacco use low fruit and vegetable consumption alcohol use HPV infection urban air polluation radiation iatrogenic factors such as immunosupression therapy genetics
Treatment Surgery
Can be undertaken for a range of reasons
- diagnosis and staging
- primary treatment to remove the tumour
- palliative surgery to relieve symptoms
- open-close surgery
Treatment Chemotherapy side effects
nausea and vomiting fatigue cytopaenia hair loss diarrhoea and constipation weight gain or weight loss mouth ulcers and infections skin or nail changes menopausal symptoms depression or anxiety sexual difficulties nerve and muscle problems swelling of arms and legs
Treatment Radiotherapy side effects
lethargy fatigue lymphoedema hair loss dental problems respiratory issues musculoskeletal issues changed skin loss of appetite nausea and diarrhoea neurlogical issues cardiac problems psychological problems
Precautions for Physio
Pancytopenia - global loss of blood cells, results in severe immunocompromisation
- need stringent infection control
Anaemia - significantly reduced ex tol
Thrombocytopenia - loss of platelets, high bleeding risks
Increased risk of DVT
Fatigue and lethargy
Benefits of Exercise for Cancer
regain and improve physical function, aeobic capacity, strength and flexibility
improved QOL
improves body image and self esteem
improve cardiorespiratory, neurological, muscular, cognitive and psychological outcomes
can potentially reduced secondary cancer or recurrence
reduced fatigue, anxiety and depression
can prevent effects of cancer treatment
CIs Cancer Exercise
if have UL/LL lymphoedaema, need to wear compression garments during exercise
For breast cancer, worsening of lymphoedema means need to stop exercise
Severe muscle atrophy/cachexia = only light resistance traiing
Avoid anything that increases ITP post op
Take extra precautions for patients with bony metastases or osteoporosis
Take care with any wound healing
Exercise Prescrption
DURING TREATMENT
remain as active as possible
aerobic exercise - work in intervals, as much as they can management
functional activities for resistance
POST-TREATMENT
increased aeroboc volume by 10 min intervals
gradually increase resistance
