PAD and Hypertension Flashcards
PAD Risk Factors
diabetes HTN smoking dyslipidaemia hyperhomocytinaemia non-caucasian high levels CRP renal insufficiency
PAD Classification
Stage 1 - asymptomatic Stage 2 - intermittent claudication 2a - distance until pain onset >200m 2b - distance until pain onset <200m Stage 3 - pain at rest Stage 4 - gangrene and tissue loss
PAD Exercise Testing
needs to be done under medical supervision
high risk patient
can use 6MWT
or treadmill test - record time and distance until onset of pain
PAD Exercise Prescription
Aerobic F 3-5 days I moderate with moderate pain T 30-45 mins, progress up to 60mins weight bearing, intermittent exercise, have seated rest once pain is reached, return to activity once pain completely gone
Resistance F 2 days a week, non-consecutive I 60-80% 1RM T 2-3 sets 8-12 reps, 6-8 exercises whole body focus (mainly LL)
HTN Medical Management
beta blockers - inhibit effect of stress hormones which would otherwise increase HR
ACH inhibitors - prevent angiotensin 2 production and therefore stop trigger of RAAS
HTN Non-Medical Management
smoking cessation weight reduction decreased alcohol consumption decreased salt intake increased physical activity reduce stress
HTN Considerations Exercise
consider their risk classification
conduct medical evaluation prior to exercise testing
have medically supervised exercise test if plan to do vigorous exercise
start with moderate intensity
individuals on beta blockers will have attenuated HR - need to take caution
STOP TEST SBP >250 DBP>115
HTN Exercise Prescription
Aerobic F 5-7 days a week I 40-6% HRR - RPE 12-13 at least 30 mins a day intermittent minimum 10 mins bouts needs to be prolonged, rhythmical activities that involve large muscle groups
Resistance F 2-3 days I 60-70% 1RM - can progress up to 80% 2-4 sets, 8-12 reps target major muscles groups
