Paediatrics - Urology

Question 1

Name the 3 features of hypospadius

Answer 1

Ventral urethral meatus
Ventral curvature of shaft of penis
Hooded appearance of foreskin

Question 2

How do you treat testicular torsion?

Answer 2

Surgery within 6 hours

Question 3

What age can males get testicular torsion?

Answer 3

At any age - but especially neonates and adolescents

Question 4

When would you suspect testicular torsion?

Answer 4

Any boy with abdominal pain
sudden, severe testicular pain
nausea and vomiting
redness in area

Question 5

What are the names of upper and lower UTIs?

Answer 5

lower - acute cystitis

upper - acute pyelonephritis

Question 6

Name 3 symptoms of pyelonephritis

Answer 6

fever, septicaemia 
malaise
vomit 
lower abdominal pain 
jaundice 
failure to thrive

Question 7

Name 3 symptoms of cystitis

Answer 7

dysuria, frequency, urgency
incontinence
lower abdominal pain
haematuria

Question 8

What is the most common organism for UTIs in children?

Answer 8

Escherichia coli - gram - bacilli

Question 9

What are 3 radiological tests for UTI and what do they look for?

Answer 9

US - structural abnormalities
DMSA - renal scarring
MCUG - reflux nephropathy