Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

USMLE Step 2 - Top 5% > Paediatrics 👧🏾 > Flashcards

Paediatrics 👧🏾 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Speech sound disorder

A

Dysfunctional speech articulation presenting as difficulty articulating specific sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Child hood onset fluency disorder

A

Dysfunction in speech fluency (stuttering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Social communication disorder

A

Dysfunctional verbal and non-verbal communication. Unlike autism, these patients don’t have restricted interests or repetitive behaviours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When does the Babinski reflex naturally disappear

A

One year old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Constitutional growth delay

A

 Growth curve remains consistent, but is low. In essence it’s lagging behind the other children. NBME case. Has delayed bone age . Children will eventually reach a good height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Familial short stature

A

 Short stature, with at least one of the parents also being short. Burnage corresponds with chronological age, puberty is not delayed. Adult height will remain low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Main differences between constitutional gross delay and familall short stature

A

Constitutional growth delay patients have a delayed bone age, and will eventually achieve target height. FSS will have normal bone age and won’t reach target height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

On growth chart, if a patient is falling off the growth chart (crossing two major percentile lines) what does that indicate

A

Failure to thrive. Not familial short stature of constitutional growth delay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Infants with failure to thrive will fall off the curves in which order

A

Wait, height, heads Circumference 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Newborns lose what percent of the body weight at birth, they should regain it by how long

A

10%, then by two weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Order this for female development:

Thelarche, menarche, growth spurt, pubarche

A

Thelarche, pubarche, growth spurt, menarche

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Order this for male development:

Gonadarche, growth spurt, pubarche, Adrenarche

A

Gonadarche, pubarche, adrenarche, growth spurt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Androgen insensitivity patience. What procedure must be done

A

Removal of the gonads to prevent cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Horseshoe kidney seen in which trisomy

A

 Edward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Meckel diverticulum scene in which trisomy

A

Edward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which trisomy does holoprosencephaly belong to

A

patau

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which trisomy does omphalocele belong to

A

Patau

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Polydactyl is seen in which trisomy

A

Patau

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Lymphedema in neonate can be seen in which chromosome issue

A

Turners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

If untreated Fabry. Increase risk of what

A

Thromboembolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Tay Sachs vs Neimann pick

A

HSmeg in Pick

22
Q

Main symptoms of meta chromatic leukod

A

Ataxia and dementia

23
Q

Exaggerated startle response

A

Tay sach

24
Q

Hereditary fructose intol

A

Aldolase def.
Hypoglycaemia, Jaundice, cirrhosis, vomiting. After eating fruit juice or honey. Lactic acidosis. Urine dipstick is negative

25
Q

Main cause of failure to thrive in cystic fibrosis

A

Pancreatic insufficiency

26
Q

APGAR

A

Activity (active 2, only flex 1, absent 0), pulse (>100 2, <100 1, absent 0), grimace (active 2, some flexion 1, flaccid 0), appearance (pink 2, blue extrem 1, blue all over 0), respiratory (vigorous 2, slow irreg 1, absent 0).

8-10 good
4-7 observe
0-4 resus

27
Q

CHARGE

A

Coloboma, heart disease, atresia of the choanae, retarded, genital hyperplasia, ear abnormality

28
Q

VACTERL syndrome

A

Vertebral, Anal, cardiac, TE, Renal, limb

29
Q

Gastroschisis is associated with what amniotic fluid issue

A

Oligohydramnios. Also elevated AFP

30
Q

Omphalocele versus gastroschisisl. Which is associated with trisomies and Beckwith Witteman. Which is associated with oligo and which is associated with polyhydramnios

A

Gastroschisis is not associated with other syndromes. And is associated with oligohydramnios. Vice versa for omphalocele

31
Q

Alagille syndrome

A

Too few bile ducts for adequate drainage. Causes CHOLESTASIS

32
Q

Jaundiced neonate, who is febrile, hypertensive and tachypnoeic needs what

A

Sepsis work up an ICU monitoring

33
Q

Lecithin : sphingoM ???

A

> 2, good to go. Mature fetal lungs.

34
Q

Diagnose this neonatal rash:

Onset within three days. Red pustules on the trunk and proximal extremities. Resolves in a week

A

Erythema toxicum neonatorum

35
Q

Diagnose this neonatal rash:

Present at birth. White, firm papules on the face. Resolves in a month

A

Millia

36
Q

Diagnose this neonatal rash:

Not present at birth. History of overheating. Erythematous papules in areas of occluded eccrine sweat gland

A

Milia rubra. Can you give topical corticosteroids it’s

37
Q

Diagnose this neonatal rash:

Present at birth. Diffuse non-read pustules. Eventually becoming hyperpigmented macules with a scale

A

Neonatal pustular melanosis

38
Q

Diagnose this neonatal rash:

Onset around three weeks. Red papules and pustules only on the face and scalp

A

Neonatal Cephalic pustulosis (neonatal acne)

39
Q

When does neonatal abstinence syndrome kick in

A

Over 24 hours after birth, when the mothers circulatory drug load decreases in the baby

40
Q

ALL symptoms gradual or abrupt

A

Abrupt

41
Q

AML vs ALL. Which in blocks and which in whites

A

AML in blocks

ALL in whites more

42
Q

Second most common place to get neuroblastoma

A

Paraspinal symp chain

43
Q

Neuroblastoma: does it doesn’t have opportunity to cross midline

A

Can cross

44
Q

Some more random signs of Neuroblastoma

A

Abdominal distension. Horners if cervicle Symp chain. Opsiclonus myoclonus. Cord compression if paraspinal. FTT, anemia and fever are rare

45
Q

WAGR syndrome

A

Wilms , aniridia , genital issues, retardation

46
Q

Horshoe kidney is associated with m which renal CA

A

Wilms

47
Q

Wilms vs Neuroblastoma

A

Wilms is smooth, stays on one side. 3-5 years old usually.

NeuroB usually 2 or less years old. Can cross midline. Irregular and crosses midline more

48
Q

Ewing’s translocation

A

11:22

49
Q

Ewing’s vs osteosarcoma. Which has systemic symptoms more

A

Ewings

50
Q

Ewing’s found where in long bones

A

Diaphysis

51
Q

Single lesion of langerhan cell histeocytosis… Tx?

A

Sx resection

USMLE Step 2 - Top 5% (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions