Infectious Disease and ABx Flashcards
Bright red firm friable exophytic nodules in patients with HIV
Bacillary AngioM
Coxsackie Herpangia vs Gingivostomatitis
Coxsackie: gray vesicles on oropharyngeal area
Gingivostomatitis: becomes on anterior oral area (lips tongue bucca etc.)
Maculopapular rash and fever days after MMR
Live Vx, causes a mild version of measles sometimes. All ok, but is mildly contagious (stay away from immunocomp). Don’t need airborne precaution though. No need to Tx
Why does Tet of Fallot increase risk of cerebral abscess
Bac can transfer to systemic circ easily
> = 5mm is the cut off for PPD in who
HIV, recent contact, organ transplant, immunosuppressive patient, previous Tb signs on Xray
> = 10mm is the cut off for PPD in who
All my risky P
Immigrant for endemic, IVDU, prison environment, nursing home, homeless shelter, Tb lab 🥼, DM/Leuk/ESRD/Malab patient, <4yo
Widening of the preveetbral space on lateral X-ray, is a sign of which URI
Retropharygneal abcess
Dx this
Child with fever, dysphagia, muffled voice, no uvula deviation, widened pre vertebral space, Hx of URI prior . No stridor
Retropharyngeal abcess
Why do we give penicillin in acute Rheum fever patients?
Essentially to decrease carriage and recurrent infx. Since reinfx can efff up a ARF patient a lot more
Dx test for non typhoidal salmonella
Stool culture
Salmonella in US
always non typhoidal
Dx test of typhoidal salmonella
Blood culture
Tx for non typhoidal salmonella
Self limited
Tx for typhoidal salmonella
Ceftriaxone.
Typhoidal Vx for what!
Only typhoidal salmonella (travelling patients)
Trichinellosis overview
From undercooked meat in the third world. Have GI phase (not sever), then muscle stage:
Myositis, fever, subungual hemorhage, periorbital edema, eosinophilia
Typhoid fever time frame
Progressive. 1st week of fever and illness. 2nd week if the rash and abdomen pain. 3rd week of abdominal complications and HS Meg
Splenectomy patient… starts to get fever. What ABx prophlx
Amoxicillin clav. Or quinolone if penicillin allergy
PCP presentations details
SOB, dry cough, fever, HYPOXIA, LDH high, diffuse bilateral reticulonodular infiltrates. Usually AIDS or immunosuppressed patients
Dx if PCP
Get BAL or sputum. Not always revealing, need silver stain often
PCP Tx? Why do we reinstate ART later
TMP SMX, CS to decrease inflam. ART needed anger to prevent sudden IS activation
Two organisms post transplant that are high risk. For first 6mo at least
CMV and PCP
Enterobius Tx
Pyrantel pamoate or albendazole for patient and all household
IE blood cultures from where
3 different vein puncture sites
What are the symptoms that point toward orbital cellulitis (compared to preseptal cellulitis)
Pain in EOM, opthalmoplegia, proptosis
When is TMP SMX prophlx indicated in HIV
CD4 <100
When is CMV prophlx indicated in HIV
Never. Only a transplant case would have prophylaxis
Invx for entamoeba
Stool PCR best. But so serology if only liver abcess
Tx for entaemaeba
Metro or tinidazole. Then do a paromomycin luminal agent. Only drain if above fails/imminent rupture
Bartonella vs kaposi subtle differences
Bartonella more likely to have fever, and the lesions are Papuplar/plaques.
Echinococcus symptoms
Usually assymp
Go through the post exposure prophylaxis for varicella. People who have been vaccinated or had chickenpox as a child do not need it. But consider those who haven’t got that, and consider immuno a competent or immuno compromised
Immuno competent patients can have the vaccine within five days. Immuno compromised patients have Ig within 10 days (same for pregnant and newborns)
