Paediatric Flashcards
What congenital condition is meconium ileus associated with?
Cystic Fibrosis
What would the xray (gas and liquid) if someone w meconium ileus show?
Transition zone: gas filled segment due to the meconium plug. No fluid level because its too viscous.
Is there anything you can give to both diagnose and treat meconium ileus?
Water enema - dissolves the plug. If unsuccessful, do surgery.
What should you do once you confirmed meconium ileus in a kid w no other PMH history?
Sweat chloride test to confirm cystic fibrosis
what do you give in a CF kid?
Vitamin ADEK
Pancreatic Enzyme
Pulmonary toilet
What is the pathophysiology of Hirschprung’s? i.e. whats gone, what does this lead to
Absence of ganglionic cells from the myenteric and submucosal plexus responsible to inhibition of bowel muscle contraction. No innervation of the distal colon so muscles can’t relax to pass poop through.
Clinical features of Hirschprung’s? (3)
Failure to pass meconium
Distended abdomen
Explosive diarrhoea on digital palpation
Chronic - overflow incontinence
Explosive diarrhoea on digital rectal examination at kiddies w distended abdo. What condition is this most likely to be?
Hirschprung’s Disease.
What investigations can you do to investigate Hirschprung’s?
a) First?
b) To confirm?
First: xray to show dilated segments of bowel (normal) and empty normal lumen (affected). Barium enema.
Diagnose: Biopsy of the segment will show absence of the plexuses.
What virus causes epiglottitis?
Haemophilus Influenza Type B
What virus causes croup?
Parainfluenza
What virus causes Bronchiolitis?
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
