P6 - Molecules And Matter 1️⃣✅

Question 1

What is a plateau?

Answer 1

A horizontal part of a graph.

Question 2

What is the equation for density?

Answer 2

density = mass/volume

Question 3

What are the units of density?

Answer 3

kg/m3 or g/cm3

Question 4

How do you work out volume?

Answer 4

length x width x height

Question 5

How are particles positioned in a solid?

Answer 5

Particles are closely packed together and vibrate in fixed positions.

Question 6

How are particles positioned in a liquid?

Answer 6

Particles slightly spread out, start to vibrate more and can flow or be poured.

Question 7

How are particles positioned in a gas?

Answer 7

Particles are very far apart, vibrate much faster and move around quickly.

Question 8

An object will float if an objects density is……..

Answer 8

lower than the density of the liquid it’s in.

Question 9

What is sublimation?

Answer 9

The change of state between a solid and a gas.

Question 10

What is boiling?

Answer 10

The change of state between a liquid and a gas, it only occurs when the temperature has reached or surpassed the boiling point of that substance.

Question 11

What is evapouration?

Answer 11

The change of state between a liquid and a gas, it occurs at any temperature.

Question 12

What is freezing?

Answer 12

The change of state between a liquid and a solid.

Question 13

What is melting?

Answer 13

The change of state between a solid and a liquid.

Question 14

What is condensation?

Answer 14

The change of state between a gas and a liquid.

Question 15

What is internal energy?

Answer 15

The total potential and kinetic energy stored by the particles of a substance.

Question 16

What is the equation for specific latent heat?

Answer 16

Energy = mass x specific latent heat.

Question 17

What are the units of specific latent heat?

Answer 17

J/kg

Question 18

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 18

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C

Question 19

What is specific latent heat?

Answer 19

the energy required to change the state of 1kg of a substance with no change in temperature

Question 20

What is specific latent heat of fusion?

Answer 20

the energy required to change state from a solid to a liquid (melt) of 1kg of a substance with no change in temperature

Question 21

What is specific heat of vaporisation?

Answer 21

the energy required to change state from a liquid to a vapour of 1kg of a substance with no change in temperature

Question 22

What is the equation for specific heat capacity?

Answer 22

Energy = mass x specific heat capacity (c) x temp change

Question 23

What is absolute zero?

Answer 23

The lowest temperature anything can be.

Question 24

What temperature is absolute zero?

Answer 24

-273°C

Question 25

What is Pascals?

Answer 25

The unit of pressure.

Question 26

What is a Kelvin?

Answer 26

Kelvins are the unit of temperature that stats at absolute zero.

Question 27

How do you convert kelvins to °C?

Answer 27

You would add 273.

Question 28

What is Brownian Motion?

Answer 28

The observation of particles moving around via other particles we can see hitting each other.

Question 29

How would you find the density of a regular object?

Answer 29

You would find its volume (L x W x H), then you would measure it on a mass balance to work out it’s mass (in kg). Finally you would substitute your numbers into the equation for density (D = M/V).

Question 30

What is another word for scales?

Answer 30

Mass balance.

Question 31

How would you find the density of a irregular object?

Answer 31

You would first use a mass balance to weigh it to work out its mass. Next you would fill a displacement can full of water and record how much water was originally in the can, lower your irregular object down attached to string and, wait for all the water to stop coming out of the spout. After that you would take the new amount of water away from the original to find the difference - then you have the volume! Finally you would substitute your numbers into the equation for density (D = M/V).

Question 32

What is the triangle for the equation for specific latent heat?

Answer 32

E
————-
M | L

Question 33

What is the triangle for the equation for density?

Answer 33

M
————-
D | V

Question 34

What are the 3 things that can affect pressure?

Answer 34

• Temperature
• Concentration
• Volume

Question 35

What does heating up a gas do to the pressure?

Answer 35

By heating up the gas, the particles would gain more kinetic energy, therefore increasing the frequency of the collisions, which also would involve more force due to inc kinetic energy. As pressure is depended on force and collisions, we can be sure that pressure increases with temperature

Question 36

What does changing the concentration of a gas do to the pressure?

Answer 36

By increasing the concentration of gas there would be more particles in a given space, leading to more frequent colisions adn therefore an increase in pressure so,
As concentration increases, pressure increases

Question 37

What does changing the volume of a gas do to the pressure?

Answer 37

My decreasing the volume of a container with the gas, there would be more particles per unit of volume, therefore increasing the frequency of collisions, leading to a higher pressure so,
As volume decreases, pressure increases

Question 38

How is pressure in gasses caused?

Answer 38

By gas particles colliding with the walls of a container

Question 39

Pressure and volume are ________ proportional

Answer 39

Pressure and volume are inversly proportional, meaning as one goes up, the other comes down

Question 40

When using the equation PV = Constant, how would you work out the pressure of an object once compressed when you have both the pressure and the volume of the object prior to its compression.

Answer 40

Because pressure & volume are inversly proportional, when you change one, the other does the opposite, keeping them constant. Therefore if you were to calculate the constant of the object before compression, it would be equal to the constant after the compression: therefore e.g. Initial V= 5, Initial P= 3 so constant (PxV = Constant) would = 5 x 3 = 15; so as the constant would be the same regardless as pressure and volume are inversly porportional and always stay constant, you can just do the constant (15) divided by the changed volume/ pressure e.g. 3 to work out what the pressure/volume must have changed to e.g. 15/ 3 = 5 so new pressure = 5 as 5 x 3 would also = 15 (the same constant)