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GCSE Physics AQA > P5 - Electricity In The Home 1️⃣✅ > Flashcards

P5 - Electricity In The Home 1️⃣✅ Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the equation that links charge, current & time?

A

Q = I x t

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2
Q

What is the equation that links energy, charge & voltage?

A

E = Q x V

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3
Q

What is the equation that links potential difference, current & resistance?

A

V = I x R

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3
Q

What is the equation that power, current & resistance?

A

P = I(squared) x R

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4
Q

What is the equation that links power, energy & time?

A

E = P x t or P = E/t

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5
Q

What is the equation that links power, current & voltage?

A

P = I x V

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6
Q

Why is double insulation needed?

A

If the live wire were to become loose and touch the metal case of the object, there would be another layer or material to prevent the next person using the appliance from getting electrocuted.

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7
Q

What is meant by the term double insulation?

A

When something is double insulated it is coated in a material that is a poor conductor of electricity (plastic) to that if the live wire were to touch the metal casing of a appliance there would be another layer of insulation to prevent the next person to use it from getting an electric shock.

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8
Q

What is the point of having an earth wire on certain appliances?

A

If the live wire were to be loose it allows for the current passing through a case of an appliance to pass down a low resistance copper wire rather than a person.

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9
Q

What is it called when an appliance has an earth wire?

A

The appliance would be earthed.

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10
Q

What colour is the neutral wire?

A

Blue

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11
Q

What colour is the live wire?

A

Brown

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12
Q

What colour is the earth wire?

A

Yellow/green

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13
Q

What does the symbol Q represent and what are it’s units?

A

Charge, coulombs

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14
Q

What does the symbol I represent and what are it’s units?

A

Current, amps

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15
Q

What does the symbol t represent and what are it’s units?

A

Time, seconds

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16
Q

What does the symbol V represent and what are it’s units?

A

Potential Difference/Voltage, volts

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17
Q

What does the symbol R represent and what are it’s units?

A

Resistance, ohms

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18
Q

What does the symbol E represent and what are it’s units?

A

Energy, joules

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19
Q

What is frequency?

A

The number of waves per second

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20
Q

What are the units of frequency?

A

Hertz

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21
Q

What is mains electricity?

A

The electricity supplied to our homes

22
Q

What is the frequency and volts for the mains supply in the UK?

A

230 volts and 50Hz

23
Q

What is the symbol for Hertz?

A

Hz

24
Q

What colour is the live wire and where is it located?

A

Brown & its located on the right of the plug

25
Q

What colour is the earth wire and where is it located?

A

Yellow/green & its located at the top of the plug

26
Q

What colour is the neutral wire and where is it located?

A

Blue & its located on the bottom left of the plug

27
Q

How many volts are in the live wire?

A

230V

28
Q

What material are the pins of the plug made of and why?

A

Brass because its durable and a good conductor

29
Q

What material is the casing of the plug made of and why?

A

Hard plastic because its a good electrical insulator and wont break easily to prevent damage

30
Q

What material is the casing of the cable made of and why?

A

Rubber because its a good electrical insulator and its flexable

31
Q

What material is the wire made of and why?

A

Copper because it has a very high conductivity / very good electrical conductor

32
Q

What is the national grid?

A

The National Grid distributes electricity across the country.

33
Q

What is the function of the neutral wire?

A

The neutral wire and completes the circuit from the appliance back to the supply

34
Q

What is the function of the live wire?

A

The live wire carries the voltage

35
Q

What is alternating current? a.c

A

Electric current in a circuit that repeatedly changes direction from + to -

36
Q

What is direct current? d.c

A

Electric current in a circuit that is only one direction e.g + or -

37
Q

What is an oscilloscope?

A

A device used to display the shape of an electrical wave

38
Q

What is amplitude?

A

The distance from the peak of the wave to the line in the centre

39
Q

What is the time period?

A

The distance between waves

40
Q

What is static electricity?

A

The build up fo charge on insulating materials

41
Q

Why are all materials usually neutrally charged?

A

Because their postive protons and negative electrons cancell eachother out

42
Q

What happends when you rub two objects together?

A

The friction between the two objects causes electrons to be rubbed off one of them and onto the other one

43
Q

What happens when you rub two conducting mateirals together?

A

Because electrons can move freely in a metal once transferred they would just flow straight back again so no charge ever builds up

44
Q

What happens when you rub two insulating mateirals together?

e.g. rod and cloth

A

When you rub two insulating materials together the negative electerons would transfer and would remain due to them not being able to flow.

45
Q

What charge would be left on the insulating material that was rubbed onto the other

e.g cloth

A

It would be left with a positive static charge due to the loss of electrons

46
Q

What charge would be left on the insulating material that was rubbed on by another material

e.g. rod

A

It would be left with a negative static charge due to the gain of electrons

47
Q

What type of subatomic particle are being transferred when 2 objects are rubbed together?

A

Negative electrons only

48
Q

What is a surge?

A

A sudden increase in current

49
Q

What do fuses/ circuit breakers do?

A

Break the circuit when the current gets too high

50
Q

What is a fuse/ how does it work?

A

A very thin piece of wire that is connected to the live wire that will heat up very quickly when current is too high (a surge) and will cosequently melt, therefore breaking the circuit meaning no more current can flow through it

50
Q

What are the pros & cons to fuses?

A
  • Simple & cheap
  • Permanently broken after a single surge/ use so have to be replaced
50
Q

What are the pros/ cons to a circuit breaker?

A
  • More expensive
  • Can be reset after being tripped so dont need to be replaced

GCSE Physics AQA (19 decks)

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