P4. Learning Theories Flashcards

1
Q

3 theorists in Behaviorist Theory:

A
  1. John Watson
  2. Watson & Guthrie
  3. Thorndike & Skinner
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2
Q
  • muscle movement
  • objective
A

John Watson

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3
Q
  • Contiguity theory
  • series of conditioned responses
A

Watson & Guthrie

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4
Q
  • reinforcement theory
  • reward & punishment
A

Thorndike & Skinner

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5
Q

4 theorists in Cognitive Theory:

A
  1. Breur
  2. Feden, 1994
  3. Ausubel, 1963
  4. Rumelhart, 1980
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6
Q

novice becomes EXPERT

A

Breur

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7
Q
  • constructs meaning based on PRIOR KNOWLEDGE & view of the world
  • Domain specific learning
A

Feden, 1994

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8
Q
  • earlist model of cognitive learning
  • SUBSUMPTION THEORY OF MEANINGFUL VERBAL LEARNING
A

Ausubel, 1963

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9
Q
  • new information subsumed [integrated]
  • cognitive learning is ORGANIZED & DIFFERENTIATED
  • REPETITION [enhances retention]
A

Ausubel, 1963

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10
Q
A
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11
Q
  • schema/ schemata
  • “All knowledge is packaged into units. These units are schemata.
A

Rumelhart, 1980

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12
Q

3 kinds of learning based on SCHEMA THEORY

A
  1. Accretion
  2. Tuning (Schema evolution)
  3. Restructuring (Schema creation)
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13
Q
  • The learning of facts
  • New information is added to existing schemata
  • No changes are made to existing knowledge
A

Accretion

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14
Q

Existing schema evolve or refined throughout the lifespan as new situations and issues are encountered

A

Tuning (schema evolution)

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15
Q

Development if new schemata by copying an old schema and adding new elements that are different to create a new schema

A

Restructuring (schema creation)

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16
Q

1 theorist in Social Learning theory

A

Albert Bandura, 1977

17
Q
  • Observational Learning Theory.
  • interaction among the person and environment.
A

Albert Bandura, 1977

18
Q

8 Types of Learning: Gagne’s Conditions of Learning:

A
  1. Signal Learning (Conditioned response)
  2. Stimulus-response Learning
  3. Chaining
  4. Verbal Association
  5. Discrimination Learning
  6. Concept Learning
  7. Rule Learning
  8. Problem solving
19
Q
A
20
Q
  • Simplest level of learning
  • Person develops a general diffuse reaction to a stimulus
A

Signal Learning (conditioned response)

20
Q

Acquisition of a series of related conditioned responses or stimulus-response connections (i.e what would you do if you can’t locate the vein? Tighten the tourniquet)

A

Chaining

20
Q
  • Developing a voluntary response to a specific stimulus or combination of stimuli
A

Stimulus-Response Learnin

20
Q
  • Type of chaining
  • Process of learning medical terminology (i.e Hema=blood (t) oma=swelling
A

Verbal Association

20
Q
  • The more new chains that are learned, the easier it is to forget previous chains
  • To retain large number of chains, you need to discriminate among them
A

Discrimination Learning

20
Q

Learning how to classify stimuli into groups represented by a common concept

A

Concept Learning

21
Q
  • chain of concepts or a relationship between concepts
  • “If…. And then ..” relationships
A

Rule learning

22
Q
  • Highest level of learning
  • Applying previously learned rules that relate to situation
  • Process of formulating and testing hypotheses
A

Problem solving