P1. section A casetudies Flashcards
when did the japan earthquake happen?
2011
what are 3 primary effects of Japan earthquake?
- 700 people were killed
- 6 dams used to generate electricity damaged
- power, communications and water supply destroyed
- all caused by ground shaking
what are 5 secondary effects of Japan earthquake?
- 14,000 drowned –> tsunami
- 145 people died in fires started by the earthquake
- 230,000 vehicles damaged by tsunami
- Oil refinery South- East of Tokyo caught fire
- Final estimated cost was £181 billion
what did the oil refinery in south - east Tokyo cause?
destroyed 220,000 barrel of oil —> leading to the evacuation of locals
what 4 immediate affects of Japan earthquake?
- 18 people died, 420 injured whilst helping
- temporary shelter and medical supplies provided to 4.4 million house holds
- Great Kanto highway rebuilt in 6 days
- GAP supplied warm clothing (£1 million) bcus of cold weather in March
what are 4 long term effects of Japan earthquake?
- 116 countries and 28 international organisations offered assistance
- Over 4 million homes and communities rebuilt
- improved tsunami system set in place
- Government/insurance companies estimated £300 billion rebuilding infrastructure over next 10 years
when did the Nepal earthquake happen?
2015
what are 5 primary effects of Nepal earthquake?
- century old monument crumbled to ground
- .distribution of water to 2,000 people
- Bricks removed with bare hands to rescue people
- 9,000 killed from ground shaking
- 50% of shops destroyed
what are 4 secondary affects of Nepal earthquake?
- 19 people died from an avalanche
- 3 million homeless
- land slides blocked River Kali causing evacuation from floods
- electricity and water supply cut off
what are 5 immediate responses of Nepal earthquake?
- search and rescue teams sent by UK & China
- 1/2 million tents provided as shelter for homeless
- temporary shelter and medical supplies provided for 4.4 million house holds whose homes were destroyed
- Field hospitals were set up to help overcrowded hospitals
- Helicopters sent to help rescue efforts
what are 3 long term responses for Nepal earthquake?
- roads repaired to allow rebuilding of houses
- 7,000 schools rebuilt
- stricter building controls an how to build houses so they don’t collapse
what year did the Somerset floods happen?
what are 5 physical causes of the the Somerset floods?
- heavy rain (3x above average between Dec 2013 and Feb 2014)
- Somerset is flat land with surrounding hills e.g Mendip
- There are 2 rivers that run through Somerset (River Parret and and Tone)
- high tides in the Bristol channel
- intense rain over several weeks (wettest January on record)
what are 2 human causes of Somerset floods
- not dredging the river
- urbanisation (e.g Bridewater)
what are 4 impacts of the Somerset floods?
- 14,000 hectares of farmland flooded
- 600 homes flooded
- Village of Moorlands was cut off by flood waters
- river was contaminated with sewage oil
what are 2 immediate responses of Somerset floods?
- 16 farms evacuated
- 1,000 cows had to be evacuated from the area due to flooded fields
what are 4 long-term effects of Somerset floods?
- Somerset council pledged £20 million on a flood action plan
- New pumping station was built
- Road levels were raised
- River Parret dredged to prevent further flooding
what year did Philippines Typhoon Haiyan happen
2013
what category storm was Typhoon Haiyan?
category 5 storm
what was the wind speed of Typhoon Haiyan?
up to 195 mph
what is the GNI per capita in the Phillipines?
$3,160 per capita
- 14x less than the UK ( $42,130)
what is the life expectancy of female in the Philipines?
73
- China’s is 79
what are 7 primary effects of Typhoon Haiyan
- $13 million worth of damage
- approx 8,000 deaths
- 1 million homes damaged or destroyed
-600,000 hectares of farmland flooded - Airport damaged
- 1.1 million tonnes of crops destroyed
- water contaminated by salt water
what are 4 long-term effects of Typhoon Haiyan?
- Aid was sent by international countries
- Oxfam helped replace fishing boats
- Tourism encouraged –> money spent on rebuilding
- NO ‘build zone’ for houses near coastal areas
what are 5 secondary effects of Typhoon Haiyan?
- blocked roads caused by landslides
- outbreak of dysentry
- 5.6 million jobs lost
- looting
- rice prices rose by 11.9%
what are 2 immediate effects of Typhoon Haiyan?
- 750,000 people evacuated before the typhoon happened
- 1200 evacuation centres set up
Japan: how many people died from ground shaking?
700 people
Japan: how many dams used to generate electricity were damaged? why?
6, due to ground shaking
Japan: How many people drowned in the tsunami?
14,000 people
Japan: How many people died in fires?
145 people
Japan: how many vehicles were damaged? due to?
230,000 damaged, 15,000 of these were destroyed.
- due to the tsunami
Japan: How many barrels oils were destroyed in the oil refinery in south east of tokyo? which lead to..
220,000 barrels of oil destroyed
- lead to evacuation of local people
Japan: what was final estimated cost?
£181 billion
Japan: How many countries and international organisations offered assisstance?
116 countries , 28 international organisations
Japan: how many homes and communities were rebuilt?
over 4 million
Japan: how many people died or were injured whilst helping?
18 people dead, 420 injured
Japan: how many households were temporary shelter and medical supplies provided to?
4.4 million households
Japan: what clothing brand supplied warm clothing? what was the cost?
GAP, £1million
Nepal: how many people was water distributed to?
2,000 people
Nepal: how many people were killed from ground shaking?
9,000 people?
Nepal: what % of shops were destroyed?
50%
Nepal: how many people dies from the avalanche?
19 people
Nepal: how many people were left homeless?
3 million
Nepal: what cause evacuation from floods
Landslides blocked River Kali
Nepal: what countries sent search and rescue teams?
China & UK
Nepal: how many tents were provided as shelter for homeless
1/2 million
Nepal: what was set up to help overcrowded hospitals?
field hospitals
Nepal: what was sent to help rescue efforts?
helicopters
Nepal: how many households was temporary shelter and medical supplied for?
4.4 million
Nepal: what was repaired? what did this allow?
roads were repaired this allowed the rebuilding of houses
Nepal: how many schools were rebuilt?
7,000 schools
Somerset: what 2 rivers run through it?
Rive Parret and River Tone
Somerset: how many hectares of farmland was flooded?
14,000 hectares
Somerset: how many homes were flooded?
600 homes
Somerset: what village was cut of by flood waters?
Village of Moorlands
Somerset: what was the river contaminated with?
sewage oil
Somerset: how many farms were evacuated?
16 farms
Somerset: how many cows had to be evacuated from the area? due to..?
1,000 due to flooded fields
Somerset: how much did the council pledge on a flood action plan?
£20 million
Typhoon Haiyan: how much was the damage?
$13 million worth of damage
Typhoon Haiyan: how many deaths?
approx. 8,000 deaths
Typhoon Haiyan: how many homes were damaged or destroyed?
1 million
Typhoon Haiyan: how many hectares of farmland was flooded?
600,000 hectares
Typhoon Haiyan: how many crops were destroyed?
1.1 million tonnes
Typhoon Haiyan: what was the water contaminated by?
salt water
Typhoon Haiyan: how many people were evacuated before the typhoon happened? what effect was this?
750,000
- immediate effect
Typhoon Haiyan: how many evacuation centres were set up?
1,200
Typhoon Haiyan: what did Oxfam help replace?
fishing boats
Typhoon Haiyan: what was encouraged? how did this help?
Tourism, the money from this was spent on rebuilding
Typhoon Haiyan: where were the no ‘build zones’?
houses near coastal areas
