P1 Reactivity of Metal Flashcards
What is OXIDATION?
OXIDATION is when a substance gains OXYGEN during a reaction
eg
Magnesium + O2 = Magnesium Oxide
What is a REDUCTION reaction?
A REDUCTION reaction is when a substance loses OXYGEN
eg
Lead Oxide + carbon = Lead + carbon dioxide
The more REACTIVE a metal the easier they loose ….
The more REACTIVE a metal the easier they loose ELECTRONS
What is the REACTIVITY SERIES?
The REACTIVITY SERIES is an order of:
. How easily metals react with ACID AND WATER
. How easily metals lose ELECTRONS (Potassium and Sodium are very reactive)
.
Metal react with ACIDS to produce …
Metals react with ACIDS to produce
SALTS & HYDROGEN
EG Lithium, Sodium, Potassium are very REACTIVITVE metals they react vigorously with WATER to produce
A METAL HYDROXIDE SOLUTION + HYDROGEN
FAIRLY reactive metals are: Calcium, magnesium, zinc & iron react:
FAIRLY reactive metals such as Calcium, magnesium, zinc & iron rect
QUICKLY with ACID
SLOWLY with WATER
How to GOLD, COPPER & GOLD react with acids or water?
GOLD, COPPER & GOLD are UNREACTIVE with ACID & WATER
They are at the bottom of the periodic table
What is a DISPLACEMENT REACTION?
DISPLACEMENT REACTION is when:
A MORE reactive metal will DISPLACE a less reactive metal from a solution of ITS SALT
eg
Magnesium + copper sulfate = copper + magnesium SULFATE
(Magnesium is more reactive so copper is produced + magnesium SULFATE)
What does displacement reactions depend on?
Displacement reactions depend on the position on the REACTIVITY SERIES
Metals that are more reactive than carbon are extracted from MOLTEN COMPOUNDS by what process?
Metals that are more reactive than Carbon Eg Aluminium, Magnesium, Calcium, Sodium, Potassium) are extracted from molten compounds by
E L E C T R O L Y S I S
The EXTRACTION OF METALS is used for metals that are less reactive than CARBON eg IRON & LEAD).
What do we do with these to extract the metal?
Metals that are less reactive than Carbon are EXTRACTED from the oxides by:
HEATING THEIR oxides with CARBON
eg
Iron oxide + carbon = iron + carbon dioxide
Iron + copper sulfate =
Iron + copper sulfate = COPPER + iron Sulphate
By what method should should Lead by extract from Lead oxide?
The steps are to see where Lead is in the Reactivity Series - is it above or below CARBON?
Lead is below Carbon - therefore
so the
Lead Oxide is heated with CARBON to give = LEAD + carbon dioxide
What is an ore?
An ore is a naturally occurring ROCK that contains METAL in sufficient amounts to make it economically worthwhile extracting them
How is lead extracted from lead oxide?
Lead is below Carbon on the Reactivity Series so
- HEAT lead oxide with CARBON
- LEAD is extracted and also produced is Carbon Dioxide
