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GCSE PHYSICS > P1- Particle model of matter > Flashcards

P1- Particle model of matter Flashcards

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1
Q

Density

A

The measure of the ‘compactness’ of substance. Tells you how much mass is packed into a given volume of space.

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2
Q

Density equation

A

Mass(kg/g) / Volume(cm3/m3)

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3
Q

Method to determine the density of a regular object

A

Measure mass using a balance, measure the sides of the block using a ruler, calculate the volume using l x w x h and use the density equation to work out the density

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4
Q

Method to determine the density of an irregular object

A

Measure mass of irregular object with a balance. Fill the eureka can with water up to the spout, carefully submerge the object into the water (lower using string), collect displaced water into a measuring cyclinder, displaced water= volume of object, use density equation

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5
Q

Method to determine the density of a liquid

A

Place measuring cylinder on a balance, zero balance reading, pour in a volume of liquid, read off the scale (1ml=1cm3), record mass of balance in grams, use density equation (mass/volume)

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6
Q

Arrangement of particles in a solid

A

Regular

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7
Q

Arrangement of particles in a liquid

A

Irregular

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8
Q

Arrangement of particles in a gas

A

Random

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9
Q

Is there space between the particles in a solid

A

No

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10
Q

Is there space between the particles in a liquid

A

No

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11
Q

Is there space between the particles in a gas

A

Yes

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12
Q

Movement of particles in a solid

A

Vibrate about fixed positions

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13
Q

Movement of particles in a liquid

A

Move loosely around eachother

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14
Q

Movement of particles in a gas

A

Move in random speeds in random directions

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15
Q

Forces of attraction between particles in a solid

A

Strong

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16
Q

Forces of attraction between particles in a liquid

A

Weakened (bonds have loosened)

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17
Q

Forces of attraction between particles in a gas

A

Virtually zero

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18
Q

Density of a solid

A

High

19
Q

Density of a liquid

A

Medium

20
Q

Density of a gas

A

Low

21
Q

If an object is more dense than the liquid it is in, what will happen

A

It will sink

22
Q

If an object is less dense than the liquid it is in, what will happen

A

It will float

23
Q

What kind of changes are state changes

A

Physical changes, they can be reversed

24
Q

What will mass always be in a state change

A

Conserved (the same)

25
Q

Does temperature change in a state change

A

No, the energy goes into creating and breaking the bonds

26
Q

3 limitations of the particle models

A

They assume particles are all spherical, they are only 2D and no movement or vibrations are shown

27
Q

What is internal (thermal) energy

A

The energy stored by the particles making up a system

28
Q

What does heating a system do

A

It transfers energy to its particles which increases the internal energy and leads to a change in temperature or state

29
Q

When does a change of state occur

A

If a substance is heated enough

30
Q

Solid to liquid process

A

Melting

31
Q

Liquid to gas process

A

Evaporation

32
Q

Gas to liquid process

A

Condensation

33
Q

Solid to gas process

A

Sublimation

34
Q

Liquid to solid process

A

Freezing

35
Q

What is Specific Latent Heat

A

The amount of energy required for 1kg of mass to change state

36
Q

What is Specific Latent Heat of Fusion

A

The specific latent heat (energy needed for 1kg of a substance) for changing between a solid and a liquid

37
Q

What is Specific Latent Heat of Vapourisation

A

The specific latent heat (energy needed for 1kg of a substance) for changing between a liquid and a gas

38
Q

Equation for energy for a change of state

A

Energy for a change of state= mass x specific latent heat

39
Q

If you increase the temperature of a gas, what happens

A

You transfer energy into the kinetic energy stores of its particles, meaning the speed of the particles increase and also the pressure

40
Q

What does colliding gas particles create

A

Pressure

41
Q

What is the relationship between pressure and volume

A

Inversely proportional

42
Q

What does doing work on a gas increase

A

Temperature

43
Q

Pressure equation

A

Pressure= Force/ Area

44
Q

Pressure and volume equation

A

Pressure x Volume = Constant

GCSE PHYSICS (8 decks)

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