P1

Question 1

Give an example of a metallic crystal.

Answer 1

Magnesium

Question 2

Give an example of a simple molecular crystal.

Answer 2

Iodine

Question 3

Give an example of a macromolecular crystal.

Answer 3

Diamond

Graphite

Question 4

What goes on the X axis of the Maxwell Boltzmann distribution?

Answer 4

Energy E

Question 5

What goes on the Y axis of the Maxwell Boltzmann distribution?

Answer 5

Fraction of particles with energy, E.

Question 6

Give an example of an ionic crystal.

Answer 6

Sodium chloride

Question 7

How is titanium extracted from titanium oxide?

Answer 7

First reacted with chlorine and carbon to make titanium chloride and carbon monoxide
Next magnesium is added to the titanium chloride to produce titanium and magnesium chloride.

Question 8

What can Mg(OH)2 be used for?

Answer 8

Indigestion remedies.

Question 9

What’s the tend in solubility for group 2 hydroxides?

Answer 9

Increases going down.

Question 10

What’s the trend in solubility for group 2 sulphates?

Answer 10

Decreases going down

Question 11

What barium sulphate used for?

Answer 11

Outlining the gut in X-Rays.

Question 12

What’s the trend in reactivity for the s-block?

Answer 12

Increases going down.

Question 13

What’s the trend in reactivity for the p-block?

Answer 13

Decreases going down

Question 14

What do groups 1, 2 and 3 have in common?

Answer 14

• metals.
• giant structures
• form ionic compounds

Question 15

What are the properties of Silicon, group 4?

Answer 15

• forms 4 covalent bonds
• has metallic properties
• semi-metal

Question 16

What do groups 5, 6 and 7 have in common?

Answer 16

• Non-metals

- Form ionic and covalent compounds

Question 17

What is a transition metal?

Answer 17

A transition metal must have a partially filled d-orbital when an ion.

Question 18

What’s happens when chlorine reacts with water?

Answer 18

Chloric acid and hydrochloric is produced (HClO + HCl)

Question 19

What occurs to chlorine in terms of oxidation in it reversible reaction with water?

Answer 19

Disproportionation

Question 20

What’s produced chlorine reaction with water in sunlight?

Answer 20

Hydrochloric acid and oxygen

Question 21

What’s produced when chlorine reacts with sodium hydroxide?

Answer 21

Sodium chlorate(I) (NaClO)
Sodium chloride (NaCl) 
Water

Question 22

What’s the trend in reducing ability with halide ions?

Answer 22

Increases going down

Question 23

What type of reaction occurs when halogens react with metal halides?

Answer 23

Displacement

Question 24

What is the trend in mp and bp with halogens?

Answer 24

Increase going down

Question 25

What’s the trend in hydroxides with the group 2 metals?

Answer 25

Become more soluble and alkaline going down.

Question 26

What’s the trend in sulphates for group 2 metals?

Answer 26

Decreases in solubility going down.

Question 27

How can barium chloride be used to test for sulphate ions?

Answer 27

Add nitric acid and barium chloride to the solution.

If sulphate ions are present, insoluble barium sulphate will form as a precipitate.

Question 28

What are the conditions for equilibrium?

Answer 28

• Must be a closed system
• Can be approached from either direction
• It’s a dynamic process

Question 29

What’s Le Châtelier’s principle?

Answer 29

If a system at equilibrium is disturbed, the equilibrium moves in the direction that tends to reduce the disturbance.

Question 30

What are the conditions for the Haber Process?

Answer 30

• Iron catalyst
• 200 atmospheres
• 670 K

Question 31

What are the conditions for the hydration of ethene to make ethanol?

Answer 31

• Uses a phosphoric acid catalyst absorbed on silica
• 570 K
• 6500 kPa

Question 32

What are the conditions for making methanol?

Answer 32

• Copper catalyst
• 500 K
• 10 000 kPa

Question 33

What’s the group 2 trend of reactivity with water?

Answer 33

Increases in reactivity going down