Bonding Flashcards
What shape does 3 bonds make?
Pyramidal.
Why is graphite a good electrical conductor?
Delocalised electrons,
Electrons flow through crystals.
Why can metals be hammered into different shapes?
It is malleable
Layers can slide over each other.
What is Electronegativity?
The power of an atom or nucleus to withdraw or attract electrons in a covalent bond.
By which force are ions attracted to oppositely charged particles?
Electrostatic forces.
What makes Ionic compounds brittle and shatter easily?
If the alternating positive and negative ions come into contact the other ions of like charge, they will repel each other.
What is a covalent bond?
A shared pair of electrons.
How are covalent bonds held together?
The electrostatic forces between the nuclei and the shared electrons within the molecule.
How would you explain NH3 forming a coordinate bond with a H+ ion.
N uses its lone pair of electrons to form a coordinate bond with a H+ ion.
How do metals bond by metallic bonding?
The metals consist of a lattice of positive ions existing in a sea of outer delocalised electrons.
Why are metals good conductors of electricity?
Delocalised electrons flow through the structure.
Why are metals good conductors of heat?
Sea of electrons.
Energy being spread by increasingly vigorous vibrations of the closely packed ions.
What does the strength of a metal depend on?
- Charge on the ion ( greater the charge, greater the number of delocalised electrons and thus stronger the electrostatic forces of attraction ).
- Size of the ion ( smaller the ion, the closer the electrons are to the positive nucleus and the stronger the bond ).
What does Electronegativity depend on?
1) nuclear charge
2) distance between nucleus and outer energy level
3) shielding if the nuclear charge by electrons in inner shells
Why is Fluorine more Electronegativity than Lithium or Bromine?
It’s a smaller atom than Bromine
It has a larger nuclear charge than Lithium
