(P) Lesson 2: Simple Apprehension Flashcards
Complete the quote by Aristotle
____ is a rational animal.
Man
The highest form of entity in the universe
Man
Complete the sentence
____ are the most complex
Human thoughts
T or F: Knowledge is not innate.
F
Knowledge is present within us and we just resurface them when needed.
Who proposed the concept of doubt?
Descartes
What did Descartes say you cannot doubt?
Your own manner of doubting
You can doubt everything else but this.
Defined as “knowing something without experience”
A priori knowledge
Who were the three philosophers did not agree with Descartes?
Locke, Hume, and Berkley
They are empiricists (experience-based).
What did Locke specifically believe with regards to the mind?
It starts off empty
Defined as “after experience”
A posteriori knowledge
Priori knowledge + posteriori knowledge = ?
Synthetic a priori knowledge
Acquiring new knowledge alongside already acquired knowledge
Synthetic a priori knowledge
Idea creation or the intellectual evolution of a concept
Ideogenesis
How we absorb information and try to label them
Ideogenesis
What are three steps in apprehension?
Process (abstraction)
Product (idea)
Manifestation (term)
T or F: Our ability to acquire information requires our mind to work passively to actively
True
T or F: Passive thinking yields ideas
F
You must be active.
The steps of simple apprehension
Sensation
Imagination
Abstraction
Verbalization
The Process of Simple Apprehension
Acquisition of “sense data” with the help of senses
Sensation
The Process of Simple Apprehension
T or F: Sense data when left alone does not make sense
T
The Process of Simple Apprehension
Creation of phantasm
Imagination
The Process of Simple Apprehension
Image of an extra-mental object
Phantasm
The Process of Simple Apprehension
Phantasm + meaning = idea
Abstraction
The Process of Simple Apprehension
T or F: Being able to imagine something without it existing in front of us is a human gift.
T
The Process of Simple Apprehension
T or F: You can process phantasm even without prior experience.
T
The Process of Simple Apprehension
T or F: Everything in the material world has an idea and material representation.
F
All has ideas but not all has material representation
The Process of Simple Apprehension
Expression of the idea = ?
Verbalization / Term
Terms as Signs
Signify a meaning towards a concept that is normally designated by man
Conventional
Terms as Signs
Man-made associations of meaning because we can associate these descriptions with a certain symbol
Conventional
Terms as Signs
One having necessary connection with what it signifies
Natural
Terms as Properties
Total qualities or characteristics attributed to an idea
Comprehension
Terms as SIgns
How do we comprehend a human person?
Give the description of man
Terms as Properties
Emphasizes on how a quality of an idea is applicable in a group
Extension
Terms as Properties
T or F: Comprehension and extension are inversely proportional.
T
Terms as Properties
T or F: If you can comprehend it greatly, you can extend it more
F
Inversely nga tanga
Terms as Properties
T or F: If you can extend it less, you can comprehend it less
F
Ay si tanga, ang kulit. Inversely nga????
Terms as Properties
Ideas that have manifested in the extra-mental reality
First Intention
Terms as Properties
Idea which expresses a thing is according to the special mode of existence that the thing has as it exists in the mind
Second Intention
Terms as Properties
A manifestation of people that they exist in some way and they can transcend reality
Fiction
Terms as Properties
T or F: You cannot overlap fantasies and reality
NO AYOKO HINDI ‘TO TRUE I LIKE BEING DELULU
Joke, true ‘to hehe. Always touch your grass, kids. <3
Terms in Actuality
An idea that has form as it is inherent in a certain subject
Concrete
Terms in Actuality
An idea that is not identified with a subject or object
Absolute
Terms in Actuality
It tries to describe concrete terms as it cannot stand on its own
Abstract
Terms in Actuality (Abstract)
Totality of a certain subject/object (as a whole)
Absolute
Terms in Actuality (ABstract)
Accident or quality present to a certain substance
Connotative
Terms in Actuality (Abstract)
Intangible idea which comes from intuition
Derivative
Terms based on Quantity
Often stands alone or exists as one even though it encompasses multiple ideas
Singular
Terms based on Quantity
What nouns/pronouns are considered singular?
Collective nouns
Indicators (a/the/an)
Proper names
Demonstrative pronouns (this/that)
Superlative adjectives (positive/negative)
Personal pronouns
Terms based on Quantity
Indefinite groups
Particular
Terms based on Quantity
What indicators do we consider particular?
Specific numbers
Indefinite pronouns
Terms based on Quantity
Refers to all objects signified
Universal
Terms based on Quantity
What indicators do we consider universal?
General universal quantifiers (all/no)
Universal ideas
In some cases, determiners (a/an)
Term Relations
Opposites but complimenting to each other
Contrary
Term Relations
Absolute exclusion with no mend possible
Contradictory
Term Relations
Synonyms
Identical
Term Relations
Two things of different properties cannot be the same
Different
Terms according to Usage
Using the term twice still means the same
Univocal
Terms according to Usage
The use of terms in 2 occurrences are deemed entirely different with each other
Equivocal
Terms according to Usage (Equivocal)
Homogram or homophone
Partial
Terms according to Usage (Equivocal)
Same pronunciation and spelling but different meaning
Complete
Terms according to Usage
Complex terms having semblances of meaning in multiple uses but possess the same spelling and pronunciation
Analogous
Terms according to Usage
Cannot be taken literally and is associated with other figures of speech
Metaphorical
Language
Used to gather or express information such as descriptions
Informative
Language
Used to direct or provide instructions to others on what has been said
Imperative
Language
Used to form questions or to ask questions, inquiring information in the process
Interrogative
Language
Used to convince others, raising arguments or perspectives to other people
Persuasive
Definition
The term being defined
Definiendum
Definition
The definition of the definiendum
Definiens
Definition
Extension/examples
Denontata
Stipulative definition or deliberate assignment of a meaning towards a certain term
Nominal
The verbal or written manifestation of a term/idea’s essence
Real
Definition based on its efficient or final cause
Causal
Causal
What is produced
Efficient Cause
Causal
Purpose or objective
Final Cause
