p. 26 - Flashcards
Licensing of animal experiments -what is the animal welfare authority responsible for?
o The licensing of animal experiments (projects),
o The registration of those authorised to carry out animal experiments
(establishments).
• A local animal experimentation committee must be created and operated in
registered institutions authorised to carry out animal experiments.
• Members of the LAEC are appointed by the leader of the institution.
the duties of the LAEC?
(local animal experimental commitee)
o The preparation of the animal experimentation regulation (ethical codex)
o The control of observance of the animal experimentation regulation
o The professional-ethical supervision of the animal experimentation of the
institution
o Organisation of education and training of those authorised to carry out animal
experiments
In case of violation of the internal animal experimentation regulation the LAEC is
entitled to immediately cancel the experiment with simultaneous notification of the
animal welfare authority (in Hungary, it’s the county!)
What are the rules for the surgical intervention of piglets?
Surgical intervention (should prioritise to prevent behavioural issues): Tail docking or reduction of corner teeth: not routinely, only when there is evidence of injuries; tooth clipping: within 7 days of birth o If practised, the castration of male pigs or tail-docking after 7 days of age: only under anaesthetic and additional prolonged analgesia by a veterinarian
What are the rules for weaning of piglets?
Weaning: not less than 4 weeks of age, unless the welfare or health of the dam or piglets would be otherwise adversely affected
• Max 7 days earlier if specialised housing
What are the rules for feeding of calves?
Appropriate diet with sufficient iron (Hb 4.5 mmol/l) and a minimum of dried feed containing digestible fibre (50-250 g daily: 8-20 weeks of age)
Why is the specifi enriched cage important? What are the standards for an enriched cage?
most important words: nest, litter, perches, claw shortening device
At least 750 cm2 of cage area for each laying hens (600 cm2: usable) A4 paper… o Cage: at least 2000 cm2 o Nest o Litter: pecking and scratching o Perches o Feed trough: 12 cm/ laying hen o Drinking system; 2 nipple drinkers or 2 drinking cups: within reach o Aisle: min. width of 90 cm o Claw-shortening device
planning obligations for the transport of animals? / long journey
• No person shall contract or subcontract the transport of animals except to authorised transporters. For long journeys between Member States and with third countries for domestic equids other than registered equids, and domestic animals of bovine, ovine,
caprine and porcine species, transporters and organisers shall comply with the provisions on the journey log
general conditions for the transport of animals
• No person shall transport animals or cause animals to be transported in a way
likely to cause injury or undue suffering to them.
• All necessary arrangements have been made in advance to minimise the length of the
journey and meet animals’ needs during the journey;
• The animals are fit for the journey;
• The means of transport are designed, constructed, maintained and operated so as
to avoid injury and suffering and ensure the safety of the animals; easily
cleaned/disinfected
• The loading and unloading facilities are adequately designed, constructed, maintained
and operated so as to avoid injury and suffering and ensure the safety of the animals;
• The personnel handling animals are trained or competent as appropriate for this purpose
and carry out their tasks without using violence or any method likely to cause
unnecessary fear, injury or suffering;
• The transport is carried out without delay to the place of destination and the
welfare conditions of the animals are regularly checked and appropriately
maintained;
• Sufficient floor area and height is provided for the animals, appropriate to their
size and the intended journey; (if long journey: have detailed regulations)
• Water, feed and rest are offered to the animals at suitable intervals and are
appropriate in quality and quantity to their species and size.
fitness for transport of animals
1) No animal shall be transported UNLESS it is fit for the intended journey, and all animals shall be transported in conditions guaranteed not to cause them injury or unnecessary suffering.
• 2) Animals that are injured or that present physiological weaknesses or pathological processes shall not be considered fit for transport and in particular if:
o They are unable to move independently without pain or to walk unassisted;
o They present a severe open wound, or prolapse;
o They are pregnant females for whom 90 % or more of the expected gestation period has already passed, or females who have given birth in the previous
week; (pregnant animals CAN be transported, but sometimes cannot – exception would be if moved to clinic for help!)
o They are new-born mammals in which the navel has not completely healed;
• These requirements DO NOT APPLY for registered equidae if the purpose of the journeys is to IMPROVE the health and welfare conditions of birth, or for newly born foals with their registered mares, provided that in both cases the animals are
permanently accompanied by an attendant, dedicated to them during the journey.
o They are PIGS of less than 3 weeks, LAMBS of less than 1 week and CALVES of less than 10 days of age, unless they are transported less than 100 km;
o They are DOGS and CATS of less than 8 weeks of age, unless they are accompanied by their mother; if moved for economic activity (check above again) (some restrict using the rabies vaccine which is first given at 3 months, and wait 3 weeks after)
o They are cervine animals in velvet.
• 3) However, sick or injured animals may be considered fit for transport if they are:
o Slightly injured or ill and transport would not cause additional suffering; in cases of doubt, veterinary advice shall be sought;
o If the illness or injury is part of a research programme;
o Transported under veterinary supervision for or following veterinary treatment or diagnosis. Such transport shall be permitted only where no unnecessary suffering or ill treatment is caused to the animals concerned;
o Animals that have been submitted to veterinary procedures in relation to farming practices such as dehorning or castration, provided that wounds have completely healed
4) When animals fall ill or are injured during transport, they shall be separated from the others and receive first-aid treatment as soon as possible. They shall be given appropriate
veterinary treatment and if necessary undergo emergency slaughter or killing in a way which does not cause them any unnecessary suffering. (attendant should have knowledge
and means to perform if needed)
• 5) Sedatives shall not be used on animals to be transported unless strictly necessary to ensure the welfare of the animals and shall only be used under veterinary supervision.
• 6) Lactating females of bovine, ovine and caprine species not accompanied by their offspring shall be milked at intervals of not more than 12 hours
When is stunning not required in animals?
invertebrate animals, to poultry and rabbits slaughtered for home
consumption (must be stunned at the slaughter house), and in cases where killing of the animal is necessary due to an emergency situation (e.g. if attacked by an
animal)
authorised methods of stunning
o Captive bolt pistol
o Percussive blow to the head
o Electronarcosis: pigs and poultry
o Exposure to carbon dioxide
restraint of animals before stunning?
prohibited
• Suspending or hoisting conscious animals;
• Mechanical clamping or tying of the legs or feet of animals (exc. poultry)
• Severing the spinal cord, such as by the use of a puntilla or dagger;
• The use of electric currents to immobilise the animal that do not stun or kill
it under controlled circumstances
slaughter and killing outside of slaughterhouses, when is it allowed, what are the requirements?
• Requirements: same as for the slaughterhouses
• Derogations for the slaughter of poultry, rabbits, hares, pigs, small ruminants
o If slaughtered by their owner or by a person under the responsibility and supervision of the owner,
o For private domestic consumption
o If going to sell in the market, same as
• Pigs, sheep, goats: stunning obligatory!!! No derogation
When are animal experiments not allowed?
• Unless it is inappropriate, procedures are carried out under general or local anaesthesia, and that analgesia or another appropriate method is used to ensure that pain, suffering and distress are kept to a minimum. Procedures that involve serious injuries that may cause severe pain shall not be carried out without anaesthesia (unless anaesthesia is judged to be more traumatic to the animal than the procedure itself or anaesthesia is incompatible with the purpose of the procedure
procedure of experiments with animals?
any use, invasive or non-invasive, of an animal for experimental or other scientific purposes, with known or unknown outcome, or educational purposes, which may cause the animal a level of pain, suffering, distress or lasting harm equivalent to, or higher than, that caused by the introduction of a needle in accordance with good veterinary practice.
