Ozone Flashcards
1
Q
Where is the “bad” ozone located?
A
Up high in the stratosphere
2
Q
Where is the “good” ozone located?
A
Down at the ground level in the troposphere
3
Q
Function of good ozone
A
Protect planet from harmful UV radiation
4
Q
UV Radiation Health Effects
A
- Skin cancer
- Eye cataracts
- Increased skin aging and keratosis
- Reduced immune response
5
Q
Primary contributor holes in the stratospheric ozone layer
A
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s)
6
Q
Ozone- depleting chemicals
A
- CFC’s
- HCFC’s (refrigerants)
- Halons (refrigerants)
- Halocarbons
- CCl4, Methyl chloroform, Methyl bromide
7
Q
What does stratospheric ozone do?
A
- Blocks UV light from entering the troposphere.
8
Q
Ground Level Ozone composition
A
- Volatile organic compounds
- O2 + Volatile organic cmpds + NOx + sunlight
9
Q
Health effects of Ozone in Lungs
A
- Can trigger asthma attack for those who have asthma
- Interferes with normal lung functioning.
- Causes eye irritation.
- Aggravates respiratory disease.
- Pain in breathing, wheezing, coughing.
- Long term exposure associated with premature aging of lungs.
10
Q
National EPA standard for Ground level ozone
A
0.075 ppm
11
Q
The Clean Air Act Amendment: Ozone control strategies
A
- Emission limits
- Ambient air quality standards.
- Control industrial precursor limits
- Control automotive precursor limits
•Trip reductions
12
Q
What is MTBE?
A
- Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether
- Additive for gasoline.
- Suspected carcinogen.
13
Q
Effects of MTBE Water Contamination
A
- Very soluble in water.
- EPA enacted reduced MTBE use.
- Ethanol as alternative.
14
Q
RFG fumes study
A
- Telephone survey
- No specific syndrome evident.
- Milwaukee residents had highest symptoms.
- MTBE exposure in gas 1000x worse than ambient exposure.
- Exposure to RFG fumes not associate with acute effects
15
Q
Montreal Protocol 1987
A
- 180 nations agreed to cut CFC production in half
- CFC production has decreased by 95%
