Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacotherapeutics > Oxygenation > Flashcards

Oxygenation Flashcards

1
Q

How long between puffs

A

Bronchodilator: 1 min
Glucocorticoid: 5 min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

An inhaler with a spacer delivers [more or less] drug to the lungs

A

more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Categories of bronchodilators

A
  • Beta2 Agonists
  • ## Anticholinergics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists ending

A

-terol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fastest acting bronchodilators

A

sympathomimetics: beta2 adrenergic agonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

SABA prototype and when used

A

albuterol (Proventil HFA) used for asthma attack with immediate onset

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

LABA prototype and when used

A

Salmeterol (Servent Diskus) never used as monotherapy, on a fixed schedule, used for prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

SE of Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists

A

tachycardia, tremors, palpitations, angina, tolerance (typically not SE with occasional use)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Anticholinergics mechanism of action

A

blocking parasympathetic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Anticholinergic prototype

A

Ipratropium (atrovent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

SE of anticholinergics like Ipratropium (Atrovent)

A

dry mouth, irritation of pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Contraindications for anticholinergics like Ipratropium (Atrovent)

A

peanut allergy, glaucoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Theophylline drug class

A

Methyxanthines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Are methylxanthines like theophylline used in standard therapy?

A

Nope, it’s a hard drug to take and there are better options.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Anti-inflammatory drug categories (respiratory)

A
  • glucocorticoids
  • leukotriene modifiers
  • mast cell stabilizers
  • monoclonal antibodies
  • phosphodiesterase inhibitors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

glucocorticoid prototype

A

Beclomethasone (QVAR, Beclovent, Beconase, Vancenase, Vanceril)

17
Q

Inhaled glucocorticoids SE

A

adrenal suppression, candidiasis, dyphonia

18
Q

Managing candidiasis in inhaled glucocorticoids

A

take it last, rinse mouth

19
Q

Oral/IV options for glucocorticoids

A

Solumedrol (IV) and prednisone (oral) used for acute bronchoconstriction, but not a rescue!

20
Q

Leukotriene modifiers

A

Montelukast (Singulair)

21
Q

Leukotriene (montelukast-singulair) teaching points

A

prevention, not effective for acute attacks, PO daily, neuropsych effects (depression/suicide)

22
Q

Mast cell stabilizer prototype

A

cromolyn (intal)

23
Q

Monoclonal antibody prototype

A

Omalizumab (Xolair) for severe, persistent, allergic asthma not controlled by high dose steroids

24
Q

Omalizumab (Xolair) SE

A

viral infections, URI, sinusitis, headache, injection site response, anaphylaxis

25
Q

Omalizumab (Xolair) route

A

subcut

26
Q

Phosphodiasterase type 4 (PDE4) Inhibitor

A

Roflumilast

27
Q

PDE4 mechanism of action

A

blocks PDE4 enzyme that breaks down cAMP resulting in decreased release of inflammatory mediators

28
Q

1st gen antihistamine

A

diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

sedation, anticholinergic

29
Q

2nd gen antihistamine

A

loratadine (clairitin)

30
Q

intranasal glucocorticoids

A

flonase SE usualy in nasal passages. keep spray off septum and throat

31
Q

sympathomimetic decongestants

A

alpha 1 agonist: pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

32
Q

Contraindications/SE of sympathomimetics

A

Cardiac patients. SE HTN, insomnia

33
Q

Intranasal sympathomimetics

A

Oxymetazoline (Afrin)

34
Q

Teaching for Afrin (oxymetazoline)

A

rebound congestion risk if used longer than 3-5 days. Can stop cold turkey, one nostril, or tapering in intranasal glucocorticoids

35
Q

Opoid antitussive

A

codeine

36
Q

Nonopoid antitussive

A

dextromethorphan (Robitussin) but can give euphoria if used in high doses

37
Q

Is stopping a cough always beneficial?

A

No. Getting the junk out is a good thing. Reserve for sleep or if interrupting daily life.

38
Q

Expectorants

A

stimulate flow of secretions: guaifenesin (Mucinex)

39
Q

Mucolytics

A

make mucus more watery and cough more productive: acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) or hypertonic saline

Pharmacotherapeutics (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions