Oxidative Phosphorylation Flashcards
Consequence of Complex II not pumping out E- into the Intermembrane space?
Less ATP is Synthesized from the Oxidation of FADH2
Outer membrane characteristics of the Mitochondria?
Permeable due to presence of PORIN
Characteristics of Complex IV
- Last Complex
- Makes the rxns AEROBIC
- Four e- funneled to O2 to reduce it to water
- Protons are pumped from the matrix to cytoplasm of the intermembrane
What are the Mobile E- carries in the ETC?
Coenzyme Q aka Ubiquinone
And
Cytochrome C
Protons return to the Mitochondrial matrix by what enzyme?
ATP Synthase
E- reduce ___ to ___.
O2 to H2O
SOD 1 vs SOD 2
SOD 1
- Cu/Zn SOD
- CYTOSOLIC
SOD 2
- Mn/Zn SOD
- MITOCHONDRIAL
Where does OxPhos occur in the cell?
In the inner membrane of the Mitochondria
What Complexes transfer NADH to O2
What are they called?
Complex I, III, and IV
They are collectively called respirasomes
3 other Antioxidants
- Glutathione peroxidase
- Vit-E
- Vit-C
What reactions occur in the matrix of the Mitochondria?
TCA Cycle
And
FA oxidation
What Complex is NOT involved in pumping Protons across the membrane into the intermembrane space?
Complex II
Ex. of Major Antioxidants
- Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)
- Catalase
- Both work well TOGETHER*
Normal Production of ROS and RNS can stimulate….?
- Growth
- Hormone Synthesis
- Inflammation
Characteristics of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
- Partial reduction of O2
- implicated in many pathological conditions
Components of Complex I
Iron Sulfur clusters present in I.S. Proteins.
Play a role in REDUCTION Rxns
Protons NEVER leave the protein while undergoing redox rxns
What Complex connects the TCA cycle to OxPhos
Via what Enzyme
Complex II (Succinate-Q Reductase Complex)
Via the enzyme Succinate Dehydrogenase
Inner membrane characteristics of the mitochondria
Impermeable
Has metabolite transporters
Folded into cristae
Overproduction of ROS can affect…..?
- DNA
- Proteins
- Lipids
What is the first point of entry of E- from NADH
Complex I
OxPhos must accomplish 3 goals. What are they?
- Transfer e- from NAD and FADH2 —> O2
- Establish a proton gradient across the membrane
- To synthesize ATP
2 compartments of the mitochondria?
- Intermembrane space
2. Matrix
ROS examples
- Superoxide ions
- Peroxide ion
- Hydroxyl radical (OH’)
Is E- flow in the ETC endergonic or exergonic?
Exergonic
