Ownership & Control Of Mass Media

Question 1

Diversification?

Answer 1

Companies monopoly over multiple genres of work, e.g. virgin trains, TV & phones

Question 2

Bagdikan says…

Answer 2

In 1983 there were 50 companies in control of media.

In 2004 there are now 5.

Question 3

Who do pluralists believe has ownership of the media?

Answer 3

The audience

Question 4

Murdoch and Iraq

Answer 4

174/175 of his newspapers supported the war - shows his control

Question 5

What is infotainment?

Answer 5

Informing about gossip not real stories

Question 6

Instrumental control -

Answer 6

Direct say in editing

Question 7

Structual approach -

Answer 7

Non direct

Question 8

Strinarti (1995)

Answer 8

• UK is unrecognisable from 30yrs ago

- shift from industrial society to postmodern

Question 9

Baudrilliard (1998)

Answer 9

Hyper reality

• So much media it’s hard to tell what’s what
• media is polysemic (multiple meaning)

Question 10

Pluralist claims

Answer 10

• concentration is good as more choice for cheaper
• Owners operate in the interests of audiences to inform
• Digital techn means consumer holds the power
• Media owners too busy to interfere with editing

Question 11

Whale

Answer 11

Media owners have international priorities and are too busy to interfere with what’s posted in the paper.

Question 12

Yelland

Answer 12

Says Murdoch hire and fire based on jounrlaist views, counters Whale and the belief owners have no say

Question 13

Trowler

Answer 13

500 journalists with US and UK troops during invasion of Iraq, stories are biased to coalition side and also as journalists get personal bonds with people.

Question 14

Milliband

Answer 14

Media is a key part in the reproduction and justificaition of inequality

Question 15

Berlesconi

Answer 15

Silvio Berlesconi used his 3 TV channels which reached 40% of Italy, this was crucial in him winning PM

Question 16

Criticim for Marxist view of ownership and control

Answer 16

Assumes audience are passive

don’t explain how owners exercise control

Question 17

Sutton trust

Answer 17

Over 50% of top 100 journalists were privately educated, compared to 7% of popuation

Question 18

Jones

Answer 18

Media is part of the establishment, therfoer ignores inequalities

Question 19

PM chracteristics that impact ownership

Answer 19

• PM is media saturated
• Society underpinned by globalisation
• no 1 truth

Question 20

Pluralism

Reasons why it’s not biased

Answer 20

• Economics of ownership
• democratic mirror
• public service broadcasting
• state controls (ofcom)
• media professionalism