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OW - FR - Loire Flashcards

1
Q

Loire

??”How long is the Loire River?”

A

629 mi

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2
Q

Loire

How long has there been wine making in the Loire?

A

1st century AD

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3
Q

Loire

When did Chenin Blanc first appear in the Loire?

A

845

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4
Q

Loire

When did Cabernet Franc get introduced into the Loire?

A

1089 with the Abbey at Bourgeil

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5
Q

Loire

By when were the wines of the Loire being exported to England?

A

11th century

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6
Q

Loire

When were the wines of the Loire popular with royalty in France?

A

High and Late Middle ages, until Louis XIV’s coronation at Reims

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7
Q

Loire

What are the white varietals of the Loire?

A

Chenin Blanc

Sauvignon Blanc

Melon de Bourgogne

Chardonnay

Orbois

Romorantin

Gros Plant (Folle Blance)

Chasselas

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8
Q

Loire

What are the red varietals of the Loire?

A

Cabernet Franc (Breton)

Pinot Noir

Gamay

Cabernet Sauvignon

Malbec (Cot)

Pineau d’Aunis

Groslot (Grolleau)

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9
Q

Loire

What are the appellations of Pays Nantais?

A

Muscadet

Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire

Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu

Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine

Fiefs Vendeens

Gros Pland du Pays Nantais

Coteaux d’Ancenis

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10
Q

Loire

What is the climate of the Pays Nantais?

A

Maritime, cool and wet

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11
Q

Loire

What is the origin of Melon de Bourgogne?

A

Brought to the Loire by the Dutch to be used for distillation

Came to prominence after 1709 frost hurt red grapes

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12
Q

Loire

What are the characteristics of wines from Muscadet AOP?

A

Neutral, dry, high in acid

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13
Q

Loire

What are the characteristics of the Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine AOP?

A

80% of Muscadet production

23 communes from Sevre and Maine Rivers

Complex soils including gneiss, silica, clay and granite

1/2 production is bottled sur lie

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14
Q

Loire

What are the qualifications to have sur lie on Muscadet?

A

Must originate from one of the three sub-appellations

Aged on lees over winter and bottled directly off the lees between March 1 and Nov 30 the following year

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15
Q

Loire

What are the characteristics of the Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP?

A

Most northerly appellation

Wines are leaner

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16
Q

Loire

What are the characteristics of the Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu AOP?

A

Newest Muscadet appellation - 1994

Wines struggle for quality

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17
Q

Loire

What is Hermine d’Or?

A

Unofficial labeling term for Muscadet that stresses terroir and ageability

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18
Q

Loire

What is Cru Communaux?

A

Proposed designation in 2001 for Muscadet, requiring wines from schist soils to spend 18 mo sur lie

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19
Q

Loire

What are the three sub-zones for Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine AOP?

A

Clisson

Le Pallet

Gorges

Introduced in 2011 and follows Cru Communaux guidelines

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20
Q

Loire

What is Anjou-Saumur?

A

Region east of the Pays Nantais

Saumur is eastern sub-region of Anjou

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21
Q

Loire

How much of Anjou’s production is rose?

A

45% dominted by Grolleau

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22
Q

Loire

How much of Anjou’s plantings are Cab Franc?

A

1/3

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23
Q

Loire

What is Anjou AOP?

A

Umbrella AOP for the entiore region. Saumur wines may be bottles as Anjou AOP.

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24
Q

Loire

Describe Chenin Blanc from Anjou?

A

High acidity because of slow ripening

Astringent from high levels of extraction

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25
Q

Loire

What is Savinerres AOP?

A

100% Chenin Blanc, can be sec to doux

On the north bank of the Loire with steep southern exposure

Blue schist mixed with volcanic debris

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26
Q

Loire

What are Roche aux Moines AOP and Coulee de Serrant AOP?

A

Cru” appellations of Savinerres, with Coulee de Serrant being a monopole of biodynamic Nocholas Joly”

27
Q

Loire

What are Coteaux du Layon AOP and Coteaux de l’Aubance AOP

A

Sweet wine districts in Anjou for Chenin Blanc, with mandatory tries

28
Q

Loire

What are the sub-appellations of Coteaux du Layon AOP?

A

Bonnezeaux AOP

Quarts de Chaume AOP (eligible for Grand Cru in 2010)

29
Q

Loire

Describe Bonnezeaux AOP?

A

Souh facing aspect in Thourace

Protected from prevailing winds and has morning mists from the Layon

30
Q

Loire

What is Quarts de Chaume AOP?

A

Souh facing aspect in Rochefort-sur-Loire

Protected from prevailing winds and has morning mists from the Layon

54 ha and a few hectares larger than Clos de Vougeot AOP

31
Q

Loire

What are the villages of Coteaux du Layon AOP?

A

Beaulieu-sur-Layon

Rablay-sur-Layon

Rochefort-sur-Loire

Faye d’Anjou

St-Aubin de Luigne

St-Lambert du Lattay

Chaume 1er Cru

32
Q

Loire

What are restrictions for the village wines of Coteaux du Layon?

A

Higher minimum must weights

Lower max yields

Min 68 g/L sugar

33
Q

Loire

What is Anjou-Villages AOP?

A

Red wine only appellation with Cab Franc/Cab Sauvignon

34
Q

Loire

What is Anjou-Villages Brissac AOP?

A

Covers 10 communes for the Coteaux de l’Aubance

Cab Franc/Cab Sauvignon

35
Q

Loire

What is Saumur AOP?

A

Large AOP covering red, white, sparkling white and sparkling rose wines

Current whites are allowed up to 20% Chard/Sav Blanc

Reds allow Cab Sav, Cab Franc, Pineau d’Aunis

Still rose not allowed

Tuffeau limestone soils

36
Q

Loire

What is Cremant de Loire AOP?

A

MT in Saumur where 1/2 of Saumur’s grapes go to

Can allow blending across Touraine and Anjou-Saumur

37
Q

Loire

What is Saumur-Champigny AOP?

A

AOP with 8 villages in limestone and iron-rich and shale soil

Produces light and bring Cab Franc

38
Q

Loire

What is Haut-Poitou AOP?

A

AOP 50 mi south of Chinon and achieved AOP status in 2011

39
Q

Loire

What is Chinon AOP? What are the soils? What styles of wine are permitted?

A

AOPs for Cabernet Franc in Touraine

Up to 10% Cab Sauvignon

Tuffeau, clay and varennes (sandy alluvium) soil

Tuffeau is best for the Cab Franc

Roses permitted

Whites from Chenin Blanc

40
Q

Loire

What is Bourgueil AOP?

A

AOP for Cab Franc in Touraine

Up to 10% Cab Sauvignon

Has some Tuffeau and varennes soils

Roses permitted

41
Q

Loire

What is St-Nicholas-de-Bourgueil AOP?

A

AOP for Cab Franc in Touraine

Up to 10% Cab Sauvignon

Almost all on varennes soils

Roses permitted

42
Q

Loire

What is Vouvray AOP?

A

Touraine’s largest and most important wine district

Chenin Blanc and Orbois is allowed but seldom used

Tuffeau limestone

Sweetness: sec, sec-tendre, demi-sec, molleux, liquereux

RS usually determined by vintage

Can make sparkling, which is often done in cooler years - MT and can be petillant or mousseux

43
Q

Loire

What is Montlouis-sur-Loire AOP?

A

AOP formerly part of Vouvray

Very similar in style

Orbois is not permitted

44
Q

Loire

What is Touraine AOP?

A

Overall AOP for Touraine

Sav Blanc and a max 20% Sav Gris (Although until 2016 Chenin, Sav Blanc, Orbois, Sav Gris and Chard may be used)

Red and rose varieties - Gamay, Groslot, Pineau d’Aunis, Cab Franc

Can have petillant and Mousseux

45
Q

Loire

What is special about the Gamay in Touraine AOP?

A

Often sold locally as primeur in the style of Beaujolais noveau

46
Q

Loire

What five villages are allowed to add their name to the Touraine AOP?

A

Mesland

Azay-le-Rideau

Amboise

Oisly

Chenonceaux

47
Q

Loire

What is Touraine Noble-Joue AOP?

A

Created in 2001 for rose in Touraine

Blend of Pinot Meunier (Gris Meunier), Pinot Gris (Malvoise) and Pinot Noir

48
Q

Loire

What is Coteaux du Loire AOP?

A

Tributary of the Loire to the north of Touraine

Reds and roses based on Pineau d’Aunis

Whites from Chenin Blanc

49
Q

Loire

What is Jasnieres AOP?

A

Sub-appellation of Coteaux du Loir AOP for Chenin Blanc

Similar in style to Vouvray, but more green and herbacious

50
Q

Loire

What is Coteaux du Vendomois AOP?

A

Newer appellation northeast of Coteaux du Loir specializing in dry roses from Pineau d’Aunis

51
Q

Loire

What are Cheverny AOP and Cour-Cheverny AOP?

A

AOPs on Eastern edge of Touraine

Cheverny light reds are PN and Gamay based, whites from Sav Blanc

Romorantin is bottled as Cour Cheverny

52
Q

Loire

What is Valencay AOP?

A

AOP south of Touraine for both wines and goat’s milk cheese

Predominantly Sav Blanc

Reds and roses based on Gamay, Pinot Noir and Cot

53
Q

Loire

What is the climate of the Central Vineyards?

A

Continental with cold winters, short summers and brisk days during harvest

Frost danger at budbreak

54
Q

Loire

What is Sancerre AOP?

A

AOP in the Central Vineyards

Sav Blanc that is steely, herbaceous and mineraly

Silex (flint-laden), terres blanches (Kimmeridgian clay) and caillotes (stony, fossil laden soil) soils

Pinot Noir may be vinified as Sancerre Rouge or Rose

55
Q

Loire

What is Pouilly-Fume AOP?

A

AOP in the Central Vineyards

Sav Blanc that is steely, herbaceous and mineraly

56
Q

Loire

What is Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP?

A

AOP with the same area as Pouilly-Fume AOP

Whites from Chasselas

57
Q

Loire

What is Mentou-Salon AOP?

A

Designation for Sav Blanc and Pinot Noir in the Central Vineyads

58
Q

Loire

What is Reuilly AOP?

A

AOP in Central Vineyards

Produces varietal Sav Blanc and Pinot Noir

Roses from Pinot Gris

59
Q

Loire

What is Quincy AOP?

A

White only AOP in the Central Vineyards with Sav Blanc and a max 10% Sav Gris

Second only after Chateauneuf-du-Pape

60
Q

Loire

What is Coteaux du Giennois AOP?

A

AOP in Central Vineyards producing varietal Sauvignon Blanc

Reds and Roses from Pinot Noir and Gamay Noir

61
Q

Loire

What is the significance of Saumur?

A

Center of Loire’s sparkling wine production

62
Q

Loire

What is Orleans AOP?

A

AOP in the Central Vineyards elevated in 2006

R/W/R from large proportion of Pinot Meunier and Chardonnay

63
Q

Loire

What is Orleans-Cleary AOP?

A

AOP in the Central Vineyards

Reds from Cab Franc

Wine - Old World Regions (11 decks)

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