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OW - FR - Burgundy Flashcards

1
Q

Burgundy

What is the general geography of Burgundy from north to south?

A 
Chablis
Cote d'Or (Nuits, Beaune)
Cote Chalonnaise
Maconnais
Beaujolais
Coteaux du Lyonnais
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2
Q

Burgundy

What varietals are permitted in Burgundy?

A

Chardonnay
Aligote
Pinot Noir
Gamay Noir

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3
Q

Burgundy

What is carbonic maceration?

A

Fermentation technique where the primary fermentation happens inside the grape. Popular in Beaujolais and results in a fruity wine with low tannins.

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4
Q

Burgundy

What are common viticulture techniques for Burgundy?

A 
High vine density
Low training
Gyuot in Cote d'Or (Cane)
Gobelet in Beaujolas (Spur)
Best vineyards are hand harvested
Vineyards face E or SE for max sunlight
Clones are important
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5
Q

Burgundy

What are common vinification techniques for Burgundy?

A

Single varietal wines
Reds get pigeage, aging in new and old oak, battonage, wild yeasts
Chaptalization is regular

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6
Q

Burgundy

What was the Catholic Church’s influence in Burgundy?

A

Benedictine monks came in the 900s and took extensive notes on winemaking.
Cistercians arrived in 1100s and created first walled vineyard (Clos de Vougeot 1336)

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7
Q

Burgundy

What was the effect of the French Revolution on Burgundy winemaking?

A

Vineyards were confiscated from the church and sold off.
Napoleonic Law of Succession
Negociants rise in power

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8
Q

Burgundy

Who is Dr. Jules Lavalle?

A

He published the Histoire et Statistique de la Vigne de Grands Vins de la Cote-d’Or, the first unofficial classification of the Cote d’Or’s vineyards

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9
Q

Burgundy

What is the climate of Burgundy and what climatic issues does it present?

A

Continental

Frost, rain at harvest, hail

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10
Q

Burgundy

Generally describe the soils of Burgundy.

A

Varies between the five sub-regions.
Northern: Chalk and Clay/Marl
Southern: Granite

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11
Q

Burgundy

What is marl?

A

A calcium carbonate or lime-rich mud

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12
Q

Burgundy

What percentage of Grand and 1er Crus are Domaine?

A

Grand 90%

1er 75%

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13
Q

Burgundy

What is the AOP pyramid for Burgundy, including percentages?

A

Regional Appellations 56%
Village 30% (Village name only)
1er Cru 12%
Grand Cru 2% (Vineyard only)

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14
Q

Burgundy

What is a 1er Cru Burgundy?

A

Single vineyard within a village

Recognizable character and consistent high quality

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15
Q

Burgundy

What is a Grand Cru Burgundy?

A

Single vineyard with recognizable characteristics

Top quality site

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16
Q

Burgundy

Overview of Chablis

A 
AOP for Chardonnay only
Kimmeridgian clay/limestone (younger, better soil for Chard)
Portlandian Limestone/Sandstone
Susceptible to late frosts
All Grand Cru sites have SW exposure
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17
Q

Burgundy

What are the Chablis AOPs?

A

Petit Chablis
Chablis
Chablis 1er Cru
Chablis Grand Cru

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18
Q

Burgundy

What is the minimum alcohol in Chablis?

A

9.5% for Petit Chablis to 11% for Grand Cru

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19
Q

Burgundy

What is the wine style of Chablis?

A

High acid
Intense minerality
Some use new or neutral oak

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20
Q

Burgundy

What is the Cote d’Or?

A

Highest quality area for Burgundy
2 regions, Cotes de Nuits and Cotes de Beaune
All red Grand Crus are in Nuits (except Corton in Beaune)
All white Grand Crus are in Beaune (except Musigny Blanc in Nuits)
Less than 25% of Burgundy’s acreage

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21
Q

Burgundy

What are the soils in the Cote d’Or?

A

Limestone dominated soils

Marl dominated soils

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22
Q

Burgundy

Where are the vineyards located in the Cote d’Or?

A

On east facing slopes

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23
Q

Burgundy

Where are the vineyards located in Chablis?

A

On south facing slopes

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24
Q

Burgundy

What is the ratio of red/white production in Burgundy?

A

1-Mar

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25
# Burgundy Vinification techniques for Red Burgundy?
Matured in barrels for up to 18 months (new oak % varies greatly) De-stemming, cold soaking, fermentation temp permitted Fining and filtering vary
26
# Burgundy Vinification techniques for White Burgundy?
Barrel fermented and aged in oak casks for one year Sur Lie and MLF (sometimes partial) Less battonage for age-worthy wines
27
# Burgundy Geographical boundaries for the Cote d'Nuits?
Dijon in the north to Corgoloin in the south
28
# Burgundy AOPs of Cote d'Nuits?
``` Marsannay Fixin Gevrey-Chambertin (8 GC) Morey-St-Denis (5 GC) Chambolle-Musigny (2 GC) Vougeot (1 GC) Flagey-Echezaux (2 GC) Vosne-Romanee (6 GC) Nuits St. Georges (1er Cru only) Hautes Cotes de Nuits Cote de Nuits Villages ```
29
# Burgundy Grand Crus of Gevrey-Chambertin?
``` Chambertin Chambertin-Clos de Beze Charmes-Chambertin Mazoyeres Chambertin Chapelle-Chambertin Griotte-Chambertin Latricieres-Chambertin Mazis-Chambertin Ruchottes-Chambertin ```
30
# Burgundy Grand Crus of Morey-St-Denis?
Clos St-Denis Clos de la Roche Clos de Tart (monopole of Mommessin) Bonnes Mares (div between Morey-St-Denis and Chambolle-Musigny)
31
# Burgundy Grand Crus of Chambolle-Musigny?
Bonnes Mares | Musigny
32
# Burgundy Grand Crus of Vougeot?
Clos de Vougeot
33
# Burgundy Grand Crus of Flagey-Echezaux?
Echezaux | Grands-Echezaux
34
# Burgundy Grand Crus of Vosne-Romanee?
``` La Tache (monopole of DRC) Romanee-Conti (monopole of DRC) La Romanee (monopole of Liger-Belair) La Grande Rue (monopole of Francois Lamarche) Richebourg Romanee-St-Vivant ```
35
# Burgundy How much of Burgundy's production is in the Cotes de Nuits?
2.50%
36
# Burgundy What is the only white Grand Cru in the Cote d'Nuits?
Musigny Grand Cru (from Comte Georges de Vogue)
37
# Burgundy What are the two other communal appellations in the Yonne departement?
Irancy AOP - light reds from PN, Cesar and Pinot Gris | St-Bris AOP - elevated from VDQS in 2003, whites from Sav Blanc and Sav Gris
38
# Burgundy What 1er cru often outperforms second-tier grand crus in the Cote d'Nuits?
Clos St-Jacques
39
# Burgundy Describe the typical wines of Gevrey?
Masculine, brooding and well structured. Lots of concentration and weight with black fruits and deeper color than Vosne-Romanee and Chambolle-Musigny.
40
# Burgundy Describe the typical wines of Chambolle-Musigny?
Silky charm, elegance over power, delicate but with intensity
41
# Burgundy What are the issues with Clos de Vougeot?
Large size and number of growers Soil and slope change significantly Unofficially divided into smaller climats
42
# Burgundy Describe the wines of Nuits-St-Georges?
Sturdy, long lived Hard and angular in youth North near Vosne-Romanee softer and fruiter South near Premeaux are fuller and richer
43
# Burgundy General characteristics of the Cote d'Beaune?
More red than white, bu the white is better known Twice the area of the Cote d'Nuits Wide range of climates
44
# Burgundy Cote d'Beaune AOPs?
Aloxe-Corton (Red GC - Corton, White GC - Corton Charlemagne) Beaune (1er Only) Pommard (1er Only, Red Only) Volnay (1er Only, Red Only) Mersault (1er Only, Fat and Buttery Whites) Puligny-Montrachet (4 GC) Chassagne-Montrachet (3 GC)
45
# Burgundy The hill of Corton contains what three villages?
Aloxe-Corton Ladoix-Serrigny Pernand-Vergelesses
46
# Burgundy What are the Grand Crus of the hill of Corton?
Corton (red) Corton-Charlemagne (white) Charlemagne (white)
47
# Burgundy What are the Grand Crus of Puligny-Montrachet?
Montrachet (shared bet Puligny and Chassagne) Batard-Montrachet (shared bet Puligny and Chassagne) Chevalier-Montrachet Bienvenues-Batard-Montrachet
48
# Burgundy What are the Grand Crus of Chassagne-Montrachet?
Montrachet (shared bet Puligny and Chassagne) Batard-Montrachet (shared bet Puligny and Chassagne) Criots-Batard-Montrachet
49
# Burgundy Describe the city of Beaune?
Commercial capital of the region and center of negociant activity. No grand crus but 42 1er crus.
50
# Burgundy Describe the reds of Pommard?
Hard edged and tannnic pinot noirs
51
# Burgundy Describe the reds of Volnay?
Soter pinot noirs with fragrance and charm
52
# Burgundy Describe the reds of the Cote d'Beaune?
Just as long-lived as the reds from the Nuits but often lighter and show less oak influence.
53
# Burgundy Describes the whites of Meursault?
No grand crus, but well regarded for rich concentration and texture. Often spend longer in cask
54
# Burgundy What is the significance of Montrachet?
Worlds most age-worthy chard | Tend to be balanced and achieves more depth and complexity
55
# Burgundy What is another name for the Cote Chalonnaise?
Region de Mercurey
56
# Burgundy What are the AOP villages of the Cote Chalonnaise?
``` Bouzeron Rully Mercurey Givry Montagny ```
57
# Burgundy Describe the terroir of the Cote Chalonnaise?
Non-contiguous vineyards occupying a series of scattered slopes Limestone soils Cooler, windier climate makes for a longer growing season but challenges at harvest
58
# Burgundy How does vinification differ in the Cote Chalonnaise?
Practically identical to the Cote d'Or, but lacks money for new barrels
59
# Burgundy What types of wines permitted by Bourgogne Cote Chalonnaise AOP?
Rose White Reds
60
# Burgundy In the Cote Chalonnaise, which Villages can have reds and which can have whites?
``` Bouzeron - White (Algote) Rully - Both Givry - Both Mercurey - Both (2/3 of Chalonnaise output) Montagny - White ```
61
# Burgundy What is the only village-level AOP in Burgundy for Aligote? What other significance does it have?
Bouzeron in the Cote Chalonnaise | Only commune in Cote Chalonnaise that does not allow 1er Cru
62
# Burgundy What are the AOPs of the Maconnais?
``` Macon (blanc and rouge) Macon-Superieur Macon-Villages Pouilly-Fuisse Pouilly-Loche Pouilly-Vinzelles St-Veran Vire-Clesse ```
63
# Burgundy What wines are permitted in the Beaujolais AOP?
Red White Rose
64
# Burgundy Describe the topography of Beaujolais?
North is hilly with granite (fuller bodied) | South is flatter with more clay
65
# Burgundy What are the 10 crus of Beaujolais?
``` St-Amour Julienas Chenas Mouiln-a-Vent Fleurie Chiroubles Morgon Regnie Cote de Brouilly Brouilly ```
66
# Burgundy Describe the difference between Cru Beaujolais and Beaujolais Nouveau?
Less carbonic maceration | Some oak aging
67
# Burgundy What is Coteaux du Lyonnais AOP?
Hour south of Beaujolais Reds and rose from Gamay Whites from Chard, Aligote and Pinot Blanc
68
# Burgundy What is metayage?
Sharecropping
69
# Burgundy What is fermage?
Leasing arrangements in Burgundy

Wine - Old World Regions (11 decks)

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