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Wine - Old World Regions > OW - FR - Burgundy > Flashcards

OW - FR - Burgundy Flashcards

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1
Q

Burgundy

What is the general geography of Burgundy from north to south?

A 
Chablis
Cote d'Or (Nuits, Beaune)
Cote Chalonnaise
Maconnais
Beaujolais
Coteaux du Lyonnais
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2
Q

Burgundy

What varietals are permitted in Burgundy?

A

Chardonnay
Aligote
Pinot Noir
Gamay Noir

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3
Q

Burgundy

What is carbonic maceration?

A

Fermentation technique where the primary fermentation happens inside the grape. Popular in Beaujolais and results in a fruity wine with low tannins.

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4
Q

Burgundy

What are common viticulture techniques for Burgundy?

A 
High vine density
Low training
Gyuot in Cote d'Or (Cane)
Gobelet in Beaujolas (Spur)
Best vineyards are hand harvested
Vineyards face E or SE for max sunlight
Clones are important
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5
Q

Burgundy

What are common vinification techniques for Burgundy?

A

Single varietal wines
Reds get pigeage, aging in new and old oak, battonage, wild yeasts
Chaptalization is regular

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6
Q

Burgundy

What was the Catholic Church’s influence in Burgundy?

A

Benedictine monks came in the 900s and took extensive notes on winemaking.
Cistercians arrived in 1100s and created first walled vineyard (Clos de Vougeot 1336)

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7
Q

Burgundy

What was the effect of the French Revolution on Burgundy winemaking?

A

Vineyards were confiscated from the church and sold off.
Napoleonic Law of Succession
Negociants rise in power

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8
Q

Burgundy

Who is Dr. Jules Lavalle?

A

He published the Histoire et Statistique de la Vigne de Grands Vins de la Cote-d’Or, the first unofficial classification of the Cote d’Or’s vineyards

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9
Q

Burgundy

What is the climate of Burgundy and what climatic issues does it present?

A

Continental

Frost, rain at harvest, hail

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10
Q

Burgundy

Generally describe the soils of Burgundy.

A

Varies between the five sub-regions.
Northern: Chalk and Clay/Marl
Southern: Granite

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11
Q

Burgundy

What is marl?

A

A calcium carbonate or lime-rich mud

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12
Q

Burgundy

What percentage of Grand and 1er Crus are Domaine?

A

Grand 90%

1er 75%

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13
Q

Burgundy

What is the AOP pyramid for Burgundy, including percentages?

A

Regional Appellations 56%
Village 30% (Village name only)
1er Cru 12%
Grand Cru 2% (Vineyard only)

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14
Q

Burgundy

What is a 1er Cru Burgundy?

A

Single vineyard within a village

Recognizable character and consistent high quality

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15
Q

Burgundy

What is a Grand Cru Burgundy?

A

Single vineyard with recognizable characteristics

Top quality site

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16
Q

Burgundy

Overview of Chablis

A 
AOP for Chardonnay only
Kimmeridgian clay/limestone (younger, better soil for Chard)
Portlandian Limestone/Sandstone
Susceptible to late frosts
All Grand Cru sites have SW exposure
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17
Q

Burgundy

What are the Chablis AOPs?

A

Petit Chablis
Chablis
Chablis 1er Cru
Chablis Grand Cru

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18
Q

Burgundy

What is the minimum alcohol in Chablis?

A

9.5% for Petit Chablis to 11% for Grand Cru

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19
Q

Burgundy

What is the wine style of Chablis?

A

High acid
Intense minerality
Some use new or neutral oak

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20
Q

Burgundy

What is the Cote d’Or?

A

Highest quality area for Burgundy
2 regions, Cotes de Nuits and Cotes de Beaune
All red Grand Crus are in Nuits (except Corton in Beaune)
All white Grand Crus are in Beaune (except Musigny Blanc in Nuits)
Less than 25% of Burgundy’s acreage

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21
Q

Burgundy

What are the soils in the Cote d’Or?

A

Limestone dominated soils

Marl dominated soils

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22
Q

Burgundy

Where are the vineyards located in the Cote d’Or?

A

On east facing slopes

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23
Q

Burgundy

Where are the vineyards located in Chablis?

A

On south facing slopes

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24
Q

Burgundy

What is the ratio of red/white production in Burgundy?

A

1-Mar

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25
Q

Burgundy

Vinification techniques for Red Burgundy?

A

Matured in barrels for up to 18 months (new oak % varies greatly)
De-stemming, cold soaking, fermentation temp permitted
Fining and filtering vary

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26
Q

Burgundy

Vinification techniques for White Burgundy?

A

Barrel fermented and aged in oak casks for one year
Sur Lie and MLF (sometimes partial)
Less battonage for age-worthy wines

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27
Q

Burgundy

Geographical boundaries for the Cote d’Nuits?

A

Dijon in the north to Corgoloin in the south

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28
Q

Burgundy

AOPs of Cote d’Nuits?

A 
Marsannay
Fixin
Gevrey-Chambertin (8 GC)
Morey-St-Denis (5 GC)
Chambolle-Musigny (2 GC)
Vougeot (1 GC)
Flagey-Echezaux (2 GC)
Vosne-Romanee (6 GC)
Nuits St. Georges (1er Cru only)
Hautes Cotes de Nuits
Cote de Nuits Villages
29
Q

Burgundy

Grand Crus of Gevrey-Chambertin?

A 
Chambertin
Chambertin-Clos de Beze
Charmes-Chambertin
Mazoyeres Chambertin
Chapelle-Chambertin
Griotte-Chambertin
Latricieres-Chambertin
Mazis-Chambertin
Ruchottes-Chambertin
30
Q

Burgundy

Grand Crus of Morey-St-Denis?

A

Clos St-Denis
Clos de la Roche
Clos de Tart (monopole of Mommessin)
Bonnes Mares (div between Morey-St-Denis and Chambolle-Musigny)

31
Q

Burgundy

Grand Crus of Chambolle-Musigny?

A

Bonnes Mares

Musigny

32
Q

Burgundy

Grand Crus of Vougeot?

A

Clos de Vougeot

33
Q

Burgundy

Grand Crus of Flagey-Echezaux?

A

Echezaux

Grands-Echezaux

34
Q

Burgundy

Grand Crus of Vosne-Romanee?

A 
La Tache (monopole of DRC)
Romanee-Conti (monopole of DRC)
La Romanee (monopole of Liger-Belair)
La Grande Rue (monopole of Francois Lamarche)
Richebourg
Romanee-St-Vivant
35
Q

Burgundy

How much of Burgundy’s production is in the Cotes de Nuits?

A

2.50%

36
Q

Burgundy

What is the only white Grand Cru in the Cote d’Nuits?

A

Musigny Grand Cru (from Comte Georges de Vogue)

37
Q

Burgundy

What are the two other communal appellations in the Yonne departement?

A

Irancy AOP - light reds from PN, Cesar and Pinot Gris

St-Bris AOP - elevated from VDQS in 2003, whites from Sav Blanc and Sav Gris

38
Q

Burgundy

What 1er cru often outperforms second-tier grand crus in the Cote d’Nuits?

A

Clos St-Jacques

39
Q

Burgundy

Describe the typical wines of Gevrey?

A

Masculine, brooding and well structured. Lots of concentration and weight with black fruits and deeper color than Vosne-Romanee and Chambolle-Musigny.

40
Q

Burgundy

Describe the typical wines of Chambolle-Musigny?

A

Silky charm, elegance over power, delicate but with intensity

41
Q

Burgundy

What are the issues with Clos de Vougeot?

A

Large size and number of growers
Soil and slope change significantly
Unofficially divided into smaller climats

42
Q

Burgundy

Describe the wines of Nuits-St-Georges?

A

Sturdy, long lived
Hard and angular in youth
North near Vosne-Romanee softer and fruiter
South near Premeaux are fuller and richer

43
Q

Burgundy

General characteristics of the Cote d’Beaune?

A

More red than white, bu the white is better known
Twice the area of the Cote d’Nuits
Wide range of climates

44
Q

Burgundy

Cote d’Beaune AOPs?

A

Aloxe-Corton (Red GC - Corton, White GC - Corton Charlemagne)
Beaune (1er Only)
Pommard (1er Only, Red Only)
Volnay (1er Only, Red Only)
Mersault (1er Only, Fat and Buttery Whites)
Puligny-Montrachet (4 GC)
Chassagne-Montrachet (3 GC)

45
Q

Burgundy

The hill of Corton contains what three villages?

A

Aloxe-Corton
Ladoix-Serrigny
Pernand-Vergelesses

46
Q

Burgundy

What are the Grand Crus of the hill of Corton?

A

Corton (red)
Corton-Charlemagne (white)
Charlemagne (white)

47
Q

Burgundy

What are the Grand Crus of Puligny-Montrachet?

A

Montrachet (shared bet Puligny and Chassagne)
Batard-Montrachet (shared bet Puligny and Chassagne)
Chevalier-Montrachet
Bienvenues-Batard-Montrachet

48
Q

Burgundy

What are the Grand Crus of Chassagne-Montrachet?

A

Montrachet (shared bet Puligny and Chassagne)
Batard-Montrachet (shared bet Puligny and Chassagne)
Criots-Batard-Montrachet

49
Q

Burgundy

Describe the city of Beaune?

A

Commercial capital of the region and center of negociant activity. No grand crus but 42 1er crus.

50
Q

Burgundy

Describe the reds of Pommard?

A

Hard edged and tannnic pinot noirs

51
Q

Burgundy

Describe the reds of Volnay?

A

Soter pinot noirs with fragrance and charm

52
Q

Burgundy

Describe the reds of the Cote d’Beaune?

A

Just as long-lived as the reds from the Nuits but often lighter and show less oak influence.

53
Q

Burgundy

Describes the whites of Meursault?

A

No grand crus, but well regarded for rich concentration and texture.
Often spend longer in cask

54
Q

Burgundy

What is the significance of Montrachet?

A

Worlds most age-worthy chard

Tend to be balanced and achieves more depth and complexity

55
Q

Burgundy

What is another name for the Cote Chalonnaise?

A

Region de Mercurey

56
Q

Burgundy

What are the AOP villages of the Cote Chalonnaise?

A 
Bouzeron
Rully
Mercurey
Givry
Montagny
57
Q

Burgundy

Describe the terroir of the Cote Chalonnaise?

A

Non-contiguous vineyards occupying a series of scattered slopes
Limestone soils
Cooler, windier climate makes for a longer growing season but challenges at harvest

58
Q

Burgundy

How does vinification differ in the Cote Chalonnaise?

A

Practically identical to the Cote d’Or, but lacks money for new barrels

59
Q

Burgundy

What types of wines permitted by Bourgogne Cote Chalonnaise AOP?

A

Rose
White
Reds

60
Q

Burgundy

In the Cote Chalonnaise, which Villages can have reds and which can have whites?

A 
Bouzeron - White (Algote)
Rully - Both
Givry - Both
Mercurey - Both (2/3 of Chalonnaise output)
Montagny - White
61
Q

Burgundy

What is the only village-level AOP in Burgundy for Aligote? What other significance does it have?

A

Bouzeron in the Cote Chalonnaise

Only commune in Cote Chalonnaise that does not allow 1er Cru

62
Q

Burgundy

What are the AOPs of the Maconnais?

A 
Macon (blanc and rouge)
Macon-Superieur
Macon-Villages
Pouilly-Fuisse
Pouilly-Loche
Pouilly-Vinzelles
St-Veran
Vire-Clesse
63
Q

Burgundy

What wines are permitted in the Beaujolais AOP?

A

Red
White
Rose

64
Q

Burgundy

Describe the topography of Beaujolais?

A

North is hilly with granite (fuller bodied)

South is flatter with more clay

65
Q

Burgundy

What are the 10 crus of Beaujolais?

A 
St-Amour
Julienas
Chenas
Mouiln-a-Vent
Fleurie
Chiroubles
Morgon
Regnie
Cote de Brouilly
Brouilly
66
Q

Burgundy

Describe the difference between Cru Beaujolais and Beaujolais Nouveau?

A

Less carbonic maceration

Some oak aging

67
Q

Burgundy

What is Coteaux du Lyonnais AOP?

A

Hour south of Beaujolais
Reds and rose from Gamay
Whites from Chard, Aligote and Pinot Blanc

68
Q

Burgundy

What is metayage?

A

Sharecropping

69
Q

Burgundy

What is fermage?

A

Leasing arrangements in Burgundy

Wine - Old World Regions (11 decks)

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