overies and fallopian tubes Flashcards
Compare and contrast the different types of benign ovarian cysts Describe the different functional disorders of the ovary Differentiate the different types of ovarian cysts and functional disorders based on clinicopathologic findings Describe the 3 groups of ovarian tumors (sex cord stromal, epithelial, and germ cell - benign, borderline and malignant) including : relative incidence, clinical findings, associations, outcomes and tumor markers (if applicable). Describe common metastasis to t
most common benign ovarian cyst
folllicle/luteal cyst
may secrete estrogen and be assiciated with endometrial hyperplasia
follicle.luteal cyst
most common cause of ovarian enlargement during pregnancy
corpus luteum cyst
may be associated with mentrual irregulariry or rupture and hemorrhage
corpus luteum cysts
young, overweight woman with hirsustism, and anovulation
PCOS
“string of pearls” in ovarian US with stromal fibrosis
PCOS
linked to diabees and hyperinsulinemia
PCOS
most common ovarian cancer type
surface epithelial
types of ovarian surface epithelial tumors
serous mucinous endometrioid clear cell crenner cystadenofribroma
types of germ cell tumors
tetroma
dysgerminoma
endometrial sinus tunor
choricocarcinoma
type of sex cord/stroma tumor
finroma
granulosa
sertoili/leydig tumor
risk factors of ovarian carcinoma
nulliparity FMX BRCA mutation of p53 gonadal dysgenisis
clinical findings of ovarian tumors
pain, GI complaints, urinary frequency, increased abdominal girth or ascites
most common way ovarian tumors found
incidently
benign ovarian surface epithelial tumor
brenner, mucinoid (80%)
highly lethal malignant surface epithelial tumor
serous carcinoma - the worst, clear cell
most common benign surface epithelial tumor
serous cystadenoma
smooth surface and very little solid area surface epithelial tumor
serous cystadenoma
papillary structures, psammomma bodies
malignant serous ovarian tumor
genetics of malignant serous ovarian tumor
p53 or BRCA
way malignant serous ovarian tumor spreads
exfoliation and lymphatics
most common cause of mucous tumor
appendix tumour
defined by the precense of invasio of the surrounding tissue
mucinous carcinoma
frequently bilateral tumor associated with endometriaol carcinoma
endometroid tumors
highly associated with pelvic endometriousis and hypercalcemia
clear cell tumors
islands of bladder-looking epithelium
brenner tumors
46xx
mature teratoma
young pt, asymptomatic or possibly may feel mass
mature teratoma
teratomas do NOT include
neural elemants
type of teratoma that may lead to hyperthyroidism
monodermal
elevated AFP tumor
yolk sac tumor
shiller duval bodies
yolk sac tumor
ovarian tumor in very young kids
yolk sac
malignant tumor very well treated with radiation
dysgerminoma
occurs often in ginadal dysgenisis in 20-40 year olds
dysgerminoma
benign tumor that may secrete hormones
sex cord stromal
can produce hydrothorax and ascites as well as secrete estrogens and androgens
fibroma-thecoma
secretes large amounts of estrogen
granulosa cell tumor
call-exner bodies
granulosa cell tumor
may rupture and hemorrhage, leading to emergent surgery
granulosa cell tumor
androgenic tumors
sertoli leydig tumors
reinke crystals
sertoli leydig tumors
tumors with high lipid content
sertoli leydig tumors
common primary cancers that met to ovaries
GI (krukenberg), breast and lung
malignant goblet cells
krukenberg tumor
tumor marker for all ovarian cancer
CA 125
tumor marker in choriocarcinoma
b- HCG
tumor marker in yolk sac tumor
AFP
tumor marker in granulosa cell tumor
inhibin
clinical use of ovarian tumor marker
“point to” maligancy - but not diagnostic. Used to track response to treatment and recurrence
tubal inflammation
salpingitis
most common cause of salpingitis
chlamydia and/or gonorrhea
most common cause of infertility and ectopoc pregancy
PID
cervival tenderness and RUQ pain
PID
vast majority of tubal adenocarcinoma are what type
high grade serous carcinoma
