Ovarian Cyst Rupture

Question 1

Define ovarian cyst rupture

Answer 1

A fluid-filled sac that develops within or on the surface of an ovary. They can vary in size and can occur as a normal part of the menstrual cycle or as a result of an underlying condition.

Question 1

What are potential causes of ovarian cysts?

Answer 1

hormonal imbalances, endometriosis, pregnancy and pelvic infections.

Question 2

What are signs and symptoms of an ovarian cyst?

Answer 2

Asymptomatic presentation
Acute unilateral pain
Intra-peritoneal haemorrhage with haemodynamic compromise

Question 3

What are differentials of ovarian cysts?

Answer 3

Ovarian torsion: Characterised by sudden, severe pain, often accompanied by nausea and vomiting.
Ectopic pregnancy: Symptoms include abdominal pain, amenorrhea, and vaginal bleeding.
Appendicitis: Presents with abdominal pain that begins near the navel and then moves lower and to the right, loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting.

Question 4

How should ovarian cysts be investigated?

Answer 4

Pregnancy test: exclude ectopic pregnancy
Diagnostic laparoscopy: If patient unstable

Question 5

How is ovarian cyst rupture managed?

Answer 5

Ususally conservatively with monitoring and pain management.
Certain cases may require laparoscopic surgery or in extreme cases, laparotomy