Lichen Sclerosus

Question 1

What is lichen sclerosus

Answer 1

an inflammatory skin condition that predominantly affects the genital and anal areas, characterized by white patches which may scar.

Question 2

Where does it effect?

Answer 2

Inner vulva (called vulvar lichen sclerosus)

Question 3

What are 3 possible contributory factors?

Answer 3

autoimmune reactions, genetic predisposition, and hormonal factors

Question 4

What could it potentially be linked with?

Answer 4

previous skin damage or trauma

Question 5

What are signs and symptoms?

Answer 5

1. White patches that can lead to scarring
2. Itching and pain
3. Discomfort during urination or sexual intercourse

Question 6

What are possible differentials?

Answer 6

Lichen planus: purple, itchy, flat bump + white patches in mouth/skin

Psoriasis: red patches with silver scales on elbows, knees, scalp and lower back

Vitiligo: loss of skin colour in irregular patches, usually on sun exposed areas first

Question 7

How is lichen sclerosus diagnosed?

Answer 7

Clinical diagnosis based on skin lesions - biopsy can be done to confirm.
Blood tests can rule out other autoimmune causes.

Question 8

What are 3 management options?

Answer 8

1. Topical corticosteroids reduce inflammation and itching
2. Avoidance of soap in affected areas to avoid further irritation
3. Emollient usage to relieve dryness and soothe itching