Infertility

Question 1

What are natural causes of infertility?

Answer 1

Increasing age
Obesity
Smoking
Tight-fitting underwear (males)
Excessive alcohol consumption
Anabolic steroid use
Illicit drug use

Question 2

How can causes of infertility be divided? GOUT CETE

Answer 2

Genetic causes: This includes Turner’s syndrome (XO) and Kleinfelter’s syndrome (XXY).

Ovulation/endocrine disorders: Examples are polycystic ovary syndrome, pituitary tumours, Sheehan’s syndrome, hyperprolactinaemia, Cushing’s syndrome, and premature ovarian failure.

Uterine abnormalities: These include bicornate uterus, fibroids, and Asherman’s syndrome (uterine adhesions).

Tubal abnormalities: These can be due to congenital anatomical abnormalities or adhesions secondary to pelvic inflammatory disease (often caused by chlamydia or gonorrhoea).

Cervical abnormalities: These include cervical damage after biopsy or LLETZ.
Endometriosis
Testicular disorders: Disorders such as cryptorchidism, varicocele, testicular cancer, and congenital testicular defects fall in this category.
Ejaculatory disorders: These include obstruction of the ejaculatory system and disorders of ejaculation such as retrograde ejaculation and premature ejaculation.