outcomes and impacts of the 1848 revolutions Flashcards
what are your 4 key arguments
- end of republicanism R
- rise of piedmont P
- fall of the church C
- austrian power A
R- why did mazzinianism fail to reach the peasents in the 1848 revolutions
- didnt reach peasents
- church had control of peasents
- mazzinis ideas were too intellectual
R- why did the educated classes not follow mazzini
-his ideas were too radical for liberals as he was deemed dangerous.
-the rich disliked him as he wanted wealth redistribution
R- why did the church retain control, mazzini could not take it
90% of the population were catholic
R- what was the real reason for the sicilian revolutions
january 1848, the outbreak of cholera left them desperate.
R- whats the difference between the way mazzini and garibaldi handled the loss of the roman republic.
Garibaldi fled on july 3rd with 400 followers and continued to fight
Mazzini merely adressed the people and escaped to london on july 5th
R- how long did mazzini spend ouside of italy
40 years
R- what society was young italy largely replaced by?
National society 1857
R- what 3 insurrections of the 1850s failed and why?
Lunigiana, Massa, Palermo
failed due to lack of support, lack of weaponry
R- when was the lunigiana insurrection
1853
R- when was the Massa insurrection
1854
R- when was the palermo insurrection
1856
P- when did victor emmanuel (VEII) take over his father
march 1849
P- what allowed piedmont to have a political life
the statuto remaining
P- how many political refugees did piedmont take in in the 1850s
30,000
P- who did VEII not want to see in power
catholics.
P- what was the connubio?
at the turn of 1851-52 cavour made an agreement with ratazzi to take over the government. this was all possinle due to the statuto
P-when was cavour made PM
november 1852
P- when was which ship built in piedmont
the sicilia was built in genoa in 1855
P- by the 1850s how much of the peninsulas railways did piedmont have?
1/3rd
P- which countries did cavour forge free trade treaties with?
Britain, France, Belgium
P- who financed the mount cenis tunnel?
Rothschild and Laffitte
P- when was the mount cenis tunnel built?
1857
C- when did the pope excommunicate who?
in 1849 the pope excommunicated those who tried to challenge papal power
C- when did the pope retern to rome and what did he do then?
he reterned in 1850, he renounced all erlier reforms
C- how many french troops remained in rome
20,000
C- how many monastries did cavour abolish
152
C- how many benifice positions did cavour remove?
1,700
C- how much did cavours anti-clerical measures add to the states income
the eqiuivilent of £145,640 or modern day £25 million
C- when were the siccardi laws?
march 1850
C- what did the siccardi laws do?
- seperate law courts for priests abolished
- rights for criminal sactuary in churches abolished
- number of no-work feast days reduced
- religious groups proprty rights reduced
A- what was stronger than ever due to what?
after failed revolutions austrias miliraty power was stronger than ever
A- what happened to the venitian republic?
it was put under even harsher austrian control
A- what happened in sicily?
neapolitan rule was re-established and the 2 sicilies were reunited
A- who were VEIIs mum and wife
members of the austrian imperial family
A- what did metternich do between 1815-1848
he was determined to stamp out nationalism
