Other Issues

Question 1

**After age 5, and increasingly through adolescence, the primary cause of TBI is ______

Answer 1

vehicular accidents.

Question 2

**Impairments with which a child is born are referred to as ______

Answer 2

congenital abnormalities

Question 3

How prevalent are the severe exceptionalities?

Answer 3

less than 1% of the population

Question 4

Define TBI

Answer 4

injury to the brain caused by external force

Question 5

What are the 2 categories of injury that result in TBI?

Answer 5

1) open head injurers

2) close head injuries

Question 6

How prevalent are TBIs?

Answer 6

250:100, 000

Question 7

Who is most prone to TBIs?

Answer 7

Males

Question 8

What percentage of TBIs are moderate to severe?

Answer 8

16%

Question 9

What is the most common cause of TBIs for young children

Answer 9

Accidental falls

Question 10

Define Deaf-Blindness

Answer 10

individuals with comorbid hearing and visual impairments

Question 11

What are some of the causes of Deaf-Blindness?

Answer 11

• genetic (Ushers syndrome, CHARGE syndrome)
• prenatal conditions (rubella)
• postnatal conditions (meningitis and TBI)

Question 12

How prevalent is Usher Syndrome?

Answer 12

400, 000 people worldwide

Question 13

Describe self-stimulation

Answer 13

any repetitive, stereotyped behaviour that seems to have no immediate apparent purpose other than providing sensory stimulation

Question 14

What is emphasized most heavily in plans for exceptional learners as they transition to adulthood?

Answer 14

Self-determination/person-centred planning

Question 15

Describe physical disabilities

Answer 15

physical limitations or health impairments that interfere with school attendance or learning

Question 16

Describe motorneuron impairments

Answer 16

damage to the CNS

Question 17

Describe CP

Answer 17

Cerebral Palsy; a condition characterized by lack of coordination, paralysis, weakness or other motor dysfunctions

Question 18

What causes CP?

Answer 18

damage to the child’s brain before it has matured

Question 19

What are the educational implications associated with CP?

Answer 19

Full range of intelligence

- lower on average

Question 20

What are the 2 ways motor disabilities are classified?

Answer 20

1) By extremities (limbs) involved (I.e., quadriplegia, paraplegia)
2) by movement types (i.e., spasticity, atonic)

Question 21

Define spasticity

Answer 21

refers to the stiffness or tenseness of muscles and inaccurate voluntary movements

Question 22

What is a seizure?

Answer 22

the result of an abnormal discharge of electrical energy in the brain
- can be caused by almost any brain damages

Question 23

People with epilepsy have _____ seizures

Answer 23

Recurrent

Question 24

Define spina bifida

Answer 24

a congenital midline defect due to incomplete closure of bony spinal column during fetal development (one type of neural tube defect)

Question 25

What do children with Spina Bifida experience in regards to educational considerations.

Answer 25

• often have average intelligence

- increased risk of learning disabilities

Question 26

What is muscular dystrophy?

Answer 26

a hereditary disease characterized by progressive weakness caused by degeneration of muscle fibres

Question 27

What educational considerations must be made in regards to people with muscular dystrophy?

Answer 27

mobility issues

Question 28

What are some causes of psychical disabilities?

Answer 28

• unsafe situations (accidents)
• unhealthy behaviours (substance use)
• low birth weight
• premature birth
• child abuse