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Exceptional Children PSYC3505 > ADHD > Flashcards

ADHD Flashcards

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Sight Words (Ages 4-6) flashcards UMT for Kids flashcards
1
Q
  • ***Each of the following is a diagnostic characteristic of ADHD: Predominantly Inattentive, EXCEPT:
    a. often does not seem to listen when spoken to directly.
    b. often talks excessively.
    c. often has difficulty organizing for tasks or activities.
    d. is easily distracted by extraneous stimuli.
A

often talks excessively

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2
Q

**Which neurotransmitter is involved in sending messages between neurons and the brain that is found in abnormal levels in people with ADHD?

A

dopamine

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3
Q

What did Still introduce into the knowledge of ADHD (1902)

A

Still introduced the idea that ADHD included a “problem with inhibition” component

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4
Q

Who established the first educational program for learners with ADHD and when?

A

Cruickshank, 1957

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5
Q

What are the 3 subtypes of ADHD?

A

1) Prominently Inattentive Type
2) Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type
3) Combined type

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6
Q

Define the chronic aspect of ADHD.

A

Symptoms of ADHD must have been present for at least 6 months.

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7
Q

Describe the pervasive aspect of ADHD.

A

Symptoms must be cross-situational; must have several symptoms in each setting. Symptoms are beyond what is normal for the developmental age.

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8
Q

List some of the symptoms of the Prominently Inattentive Type of ADHD.

A
  • trouble holding attention on tasks/play
  • seems not to listen when spoken to
  • does not follow through on instructions
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9
Q

What does a child need to display for a diagnosis of ADHD Prominently Inattentive Type?

A

6 of 9 symptoms listed in the DSM must be present in 2+ settings that persists for 6 months or more.

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10
Q

Approximately what percentage of US school children have ADHD?

A

7-9%

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11
Q

List some of the symptoms of the Prominently Hyperactive-Impulsive Type of ADHD.

A

Hyperactivity, fidgeting, leaving their seat, talking excessively

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12
Q

What is often included in the identification of ADHD?

A
  • medical examination
  • clinical interview
  • teacher and parent rating scales
  • behavioural observations
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13
Q

Describe the Doctor’s Office Effect

A

Subjectivity Factor; some children don’t demonstrate problematic behaviours in the novel/structured setting of the doctor’s office

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14
Q

What does neuro-imaging of brains with ADHD show?

A

There are consistent abnormalities in 3 brain areas:

1) prefrontal & frontal lobes
2) basal ganglia
3) Cerebellum

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15
Q

What do brains with ADHD demonstrate in terms of levels of neurotransmitters?

A

Abnormal levels of dopamine and noradrenaline.

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16
Q

_____ is used to control and regulate behaviour and often has deficits in those with ADHD.

A

Executive functioning

17
Q

Problems controlling emotions and arousal levels are usually due to deficits in _______.

A

Behavioural inhibition

18
Q

Difficulties in ________ can be interpreted as rude behaviours in social situations.

A

Executive functioning

19
Q

What are some of the co-existing conditions that come with ADHD?

A
  • learning disabilities
  • emotional and behavioural disorders
  • substance abuse
20
Q

Kids with ADHD may also have _____ with others.

A

Social difficulties

21
Q

What is a functional behaviour assessment?

A

determine the consequences, triggers and settings that maintain inappropriate behaviours

22
Q

What is contingency-based self-management?

A

Where individuals keep track of their own behaviours and then receive consequences or rewards based on their behaviour.

23
Q

ADHD is often _____________ as a separate education category

A

not recognized

24
Q

Of the children with ADHD in general education classes, approximately _____ receive SpecEd services

A

less than half

25
Q

What type of medication is frequently prescribed for symptoms of ADHD?

A

Psychstimulants (e.g. Ritalin, Adderall, Vyvanse)

26
Q

How are academic skills assessed in kids with ADHD?

A

Assessed based on the curriculum measurements

27
Q

Why is getting a diagnosis of ADHD difficult for young children?

A

Younger children already display high levels of motor activity and have poor impulse control.

28
Q

What should interventions fro preschoolers with ADHD emphasize?

A

Contingencies (i.e. praise, points and tangible rewards)

29
Q

Describe struggles that kids with ADHD deal with in college.

A

More problems with time management

30
Q

How does the diagnosis of ADHD change between childhood and adulthood.

A

Need 5 of 9 symptoms rather than 6. Everything else stays the same

Exceptional Children PSYC3505 (13 decks)

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