Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Question 1

What is the onset period for intellectual disabilities?

Answer 1

developmental period (i.e., before 18 years)

Question 2

What are the 4 classifications of intellectual disabilities?

Answer 2

1) Mild (IQ: 50-70)
2) Moderate (IQ: 35 to 50)
3) Severe (IQ: 20-35)
4) Profound (IQ: 20 and less)

Question 3

List the perinatal issues that can lead to intellectual disabilities.

Answer 3

• anoxia (absence of oxygen)
• low birth weight
• infections passed from mother

Question 4

List the postnatal issues that can lead to intellectual disabilities.

Answer 4

• biological causes (meningitis, encephalitis, heredity)

- psychosocial causes (poor environmental circumstances)

Question 5

How are IDs identified

Answer 5

• intelligence tests

- absence of adaptive behaviour skills

Question 6

**Current estimated place the prevalence of students identified with intellectual disabilities at approximately ______ %

Answer 6

1.0 % of students are identified with IDs

Question 7

• ***Which one of the following descriptions distinguishes best between a disability and a handicap?
  a. Disabilities are functional impairments, while handicaps are disadvantages imposed on an individual.
  b. Disabilities are more severe than handicaps.
  c. Handicaps are caused by disabilities.
  d. There is no real difference between the two; the terms are interchangeable.

Answer 7

a. Disabilities are functional impairments, while handicaps are disadvantages imposed on an individual.

Question 8

**With reference to institutionalization of individuals with exceptionalities, the Canadian Association for Community Living argues that ________?

Answer 8

a. institutionalization is a form of incarceration.

Question 9

• ***Which one of the following provides the best description of curriculum-based assessment?
  a. evaluation of experimental educational programs
  b. testing using actual instructional materials
  c. examination of the effectiveness of a program’s scope and sequence
  d. evaluation of student performance on achievement tests

Answer 9

b. testing using actual instructional materials

Question 10

**What do all family systems theories assume?

Answer 10

the more treatment and education take into account the interactions within a family, the more likely they are to be successful.

Question 11

**Which condition results from deletion of material in the seventh pair of chromosomes and often results in intellectual disabilities, heart defects, and elfin facial features?

Answer 11

Williams syndrome

Question 12

How does the DSM-V define IDs?

Answer 12

Intellectual disability that includes both intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits in conceptual, social and practical domains.

Question 13

What are some of the prenatal causes of IDs?

Answer 13

• chromosomal disorders (Down syndrome, Williams syndrome, Fragile X, Prader-Willi syndrome)
• inborn errors of metabolism (PKU)
• developmental disorders of brain formations (micro-, hydrocephalus, Zika virus)
• environmental issues (Rubella)

Question 14

Define/describe Down Syndrome.

Answer 14

• An anomaly of the 21st chromosomes

- most common form of ID that is present at birth