Exceptional Children Flashcards
Approximately how many children in Canada require special education?
~ 400, 000
Describe the aspects of an IEP that are implemented for ALL students.
- measurable goals/objectives
- assessment status
- all needs fully described
Describe the aspects of an IEP that are implemented for SOME students.
- ESL needs
- braille
- assistive technology
- communication needs
- transition behaviour plan
Give some examples of high-incidence disabilities.
Learning disabilities, mild intellectual disabilities
Give some examples of low-incidence disabilities.
TBI, blindness, deafness, severe intellectual disabilities
Describe individualized instruction.
teaching techniques are driven by the child’s characteristics and not what the curriculum says
________ begins with tasks the child CAN perform and gradually introduces more complex learning
Scaffolding OR carefully sequenced series of educational tasks
Describe the idea of FAPE (Provision of IDEA)
Free Appropriate Public Education - every student with a disability must receive an appropriate public education at no cost to the parents/guardians
What is RTI
Response to intervention; refers to a students degree of change in academic performance or behaviour as a result of instruction
Define pace and describe how it can be altered (8 Dimensions of Instruction).
- Speed of the lesson, the speed of introducing new concepts.
- lessons can be made faster or slower to meet students’ needs
Define intensity and describe how it can be altered (8 Dimensions of Instruction).
- demandingness, difficulty, complexity
- can modify the size of the jumps between leaning steps, increase number of reviews
Define persistance and describe how it can be altered (8 Dimensions of Instruction).
- ability to “stick-to-it”
- can repeat attempts, adjust methods as required
Define structure and describe how it can be altered (8 Dimensions of Instruction).
- explicitness of instruction, immediacy of consequences, amount of teacher direction
- can tighten or loosen structure based on needs of student
Define reinforcement and describe how it can be altered (8 Dimensions of Instruction).
- rewards for desired behaviours
- can be increased/decreased, more tangible rewards, more frequent or immediate rewards
Define teacher/student ratio and describe how it can be altered (8 Dimensions of Instruction).
- number of students per teacher
- smaller class sizes, more individual
Define curriculum and describe how it can be altered (8 Dimensions of Instruction).
- content of instruction, purpose of activity
- determined by individual need
Define assessment and describe how it can be altered (8 Dimensions of Instruction).
- keeping track of progress
- more frequent checking, goal setting
What is the primary concern of the IDEA law?
That every child with a disability is given a free, appropriate public education (FAPE)
What do IEPs need to have incorporated before the child is 16?
A transition plan for after school (post secondary, continued high-school education, workforce)
What is the principle of universal design?
The idea that a device/program should be workable for as many potential users as possible.
What are the 2 primary objectives of multicultural education?
- ensure that ethnicity is not mistaken for exceptionality
2. Increase understanding of the subculture of disability and its relation to other cultures
In what ways can ethnicity be mistaken for exceptionality?
- some cultures have different patterns of eye contact and physical contact
Describe stage theory.
After a family learns that they have a child with a disability, they go through stages of reactions (shock , denial, sadness, anxiety, fear and adaptation)
What is the main argument against stage theory?
- parents don’t report going through denial and they don’t follow these “stages” rigidly
Describe the role of guilt in families of children with disabilities.
- parents often feel like they are responsible for the child’s condition
Describe the family-centred approach to treatment and education.
- professionals encourage the families to make their own decisions with respect to services and resources
Many authorities and organizations emphasis/prefer the __________ theory
Family systems theory
