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MI Immuno/Heme > Other hematologic viruses > Flashcards

Other hematologic viruses Flashcards

1
Q

What viruse presents with an erythematous facial rash, joint swelling/pain, and anemia (often sub-clinical)

A

Parvovirus B19

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2
Q

Why should exposed women be tested for anti-B19 IgG?

A

Parvovirus B19 increases risk for fetal hydrops

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3
Q

How is transient aplastic crisis caused by parvovirus B19 Tx’d?

A

Blood transfusions and supprotive care

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4
Q

How is PRCA and and post-exposure pro-phylaxis of parvovirus B19 Tx’d?

A

Anti-B19 immunoglobulin

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5
Q

Lymphotropic herpes viruses

A

CMV; EBv, HHV-6, HHV-7, and HHV-8)

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6
Q

Where does EBv undrgo primary replication?

A

In the pharynx and salivary epithelial cells

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7
Q

Downey Cells

A

CD8+ T cells with abnormal lobular nuclei that rosette w/ RBCs

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8
Q

How does EBv cause leukemia/lymphoma?

A

EBv induces translocation of the c-myc proto-oncogene to the immunoglobulin locus - increases c-myc expression and transforms the host cells

If a patient lacks functional T cell responses, EBVmediated B cell transformation can cause leukemia or lymphoma

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9
Q

EBv results in what malignancies if AIDS or a transplant Pt is infected?

A

Hairy leukoplakia and B cell lymphomas

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10
Q

Malaria and EBv can result in what maligncancy?

A

African Burkitt lymphoma

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11
Q

DOC for CMV?

A

Ganciclovir and valganciclovir - inhibit DNA polymerase activity and cause chain termination

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12
Q

Side-effect of ganciclovir and valganciclovir

A

May cause severe neutropenia

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13
Q

What is used to Tx drug-resistant CMV (especially CMV retinitis)?

A

Foscarnet

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14
Q

Side-effects of foscarnet

A

Nephrotoxicity

Seizures

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15
Q

HHV6 and HHV7 cell tropism

A

CD4+ T cells

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16
Q

What virus is responsible for causing Kaposi’s sarcoma?

A

HHV-8

17
Q

An HIV positive patient presents with skin, oral, and tongue lesions as shown in the photographs. His CD4+ T cell count is 48 cells/𝛍l. The patient is not currently receiving ART therapy. Which viral pathogens are MOST LIKELY causing these skin, buccal, and tongue lesions?

A

Skin and buccal lesions are caused by HHV-8 (Kaposi’s sarcoma)

Tongue lesion is caused by EBv (hairy leukoplakia)

18
Q

How does B19 infection present in a child w/ underlying hemolytic anemia (i.e. sickle-cell anemia or beta-thalassemia)

A

-Acute flu-like symptoms
-joint pain
-facial rash and skin rash with central clearing

accompanied by
-shortness of breath
-malaise
-confusion
-fatigue

19
Q

(T/F) The MMR vaccine can be administered to immunosuppressed individuals and pregnant women to protect them from measles

A

False

20
Q

What best explains why B19 virus replicates in erythroid precursor cells?

A

They express P antigen and are rapidly dividing

B19 does not possess the necessary factors to force host cell into S phase - needs a rapidly dividing cell to replicate all of its DNA

21
Q

CMV is what herpes virus?

A

HHV-5

22
Q

EBv is what herpes virus?

A

HHV-4

23
Q
A

Owl-eye cells seen in CMV (HHV-5) infection

CMV infected cells are greatly enlarged, contain basophilic, intranuclear inclusions with clear rings around them and are often fused (called cytomegalic or “owls eye” cells)

24
Q
A

A. Reactivation of latent CMV infection

There is a topical genciclovir application

Can also be a primary infection, but most adults have already been infected and have latent CMV (~70% of adults)

25
Q
A

B. Acute flu-like sxs, joint pain, rash, accompanied by SOB, malaise, confusion, and fatigue

A = Pt’s infected w/ B19 with concurrent immunosuppression (rash and other sxs are mediated by immune complexes)

D = Pt’s w/ that are othersie healthy

26
Q
A

B. HHV-6 (Roseola)

27
Q
A

E. Malaria

28
Q
A

C. Violet colored macular rash

29
Q
A

B. Parvovirus B19

30
Q
A

B. Anti-B19 IgG

31
Q
A

E. Dengue virus

32
Q

What can occur when someone who contracts a subsequent infection w/ Dengue virus of a different serotype than their original infection?

A

Hemorraghic fever

33
Q
A

D. Acute biphasic illness starting w/ flu-like sxs followed by joint swelling, a red rash on the cheeks, and skin rash w/ central clearing

34
Q
A

A. Myc

35
Q

Heterophile Ab

A

Monospot tests for heterophil Abs (nonspecific Ab in response to EBv - agglutinates RBCs)

36
Q

What viral infection can cause polyclonal B cell proliferation

A

EBv

37
Q
A

C. TNF-𝛂

MI Immuno/Heme (35 decks)

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