other- cellular energy

Question 1

we produce 2.5-3 ATP/NADH and ~1.5 ATP/FADH2, approximately how many ATP are produced in total from one glucose molecule?

Answer 1

30-32

Question 2

how efficient is metabolism? What percent of the original energy is recovered in ATP?

Answer 2

34%

Question 3

Where does most of the other energy go? (Thinking thermodymanically, what are the two main components of Free Energy, and how are thy impacted by Glucose metabolism?)

Answer 3

lost energy to heat

Question 4

Where in nature do we see examples of “uncoupling” between Electron Transport and ATP Synthase?

Answer 4

Hibernation

Question 5

How do those natural examples offer a benefit to their organisms

Answer 5

Animals do not need to make lots of ATP. They need a little for maintenance and produce small amount of heat.

Question 6

a non-natural (drug-induced version) what might be benefits and dangers to uncoupling ETS and ATP Synthase?

Answer 6

• Benefits: Eat lots of food while burning calories.
• Dangers: Death…. (enthalpy has no where to go. The body will essentially overheat and die).

Question 7

What are the ramifications to the metabolism of a shortage of Oxygen?

Answer 7

If there is a shortage, everything will be slowed down and ‘backed up’ like traffic. There is no oxygen to accept the electrons and will become stuck. The whole process of cellular respiration will stop.
cells have only a certain number of NAD+ molecules. Glycolysis needs NAD+ to accept electrons. No NAD+ (because its stuck as NADH) reaction will come to a halt. Oxygen is needed to accept electrons