Other

Question 1

Intention to treat

Answer 1

Patient is analyzed in the group they were randomized to irrespective to subsequent changes
Preserves integrity
Reflects real world

Question 2

Per-protocol

Answer 2

Patients are analyzed in the treatment group they actually received (so not necessarily randomized)
May not reflect real world
More concerned with mechanism rather than clinical practice

Question 3

Major determinant of good precision is

Answer 3

High sample size

Question 4

Accept the null hypothesis means

Answer 4

Significant difference between groups (proves guilty)

Question 5

Reject null hypothesis means

Answer 5

If P value is less than or equal to

Question 6

What is the null hypothesis?

Answer 6

No statistical relationship and significance exists between a set of observations

Question 7

<0.05 we _______ significant evidence. What does this mean?

Answer 7

Accept

Strength of evidence against null hypothesis

Question 8

Absolute risk

Answer 8

Number of events in treated or control groups/# of people in that group

Question 9

ARC

Answer 9

AR events in control group

Question 10

ART

Answer 10

AR in treatment group

Question 11

ARR

Answer 11

Absolute risk reduction

ARC-ART

Question 12

RR

Answer 12

Relative risk

ARC/ARC

Question 13

RRR

Answer 13

Relative risk reduction

Question 14

NNT

Answer 14

Number needed to treat

1/RRR

Question 15

RR interpretation

Answer 15

> 1 harmful
<1 protective
=1 similar to exposed

Question 16

Prospective

Answer 16

Cohort followed forward in time from present

Question 17

Retrospective

Answer 17

Cohort formed in the past and followed up to the present

Question 18

What is a case-control design?

Answer 18

Group of subjects with disease or condition are identified

Question 19

Cohort

Answer 19

Select population and measure disease incidence in exposed (opposite of case control)

Question 20

Cross-sectional

Answer 20

Carried out at a single time so exposure and outcome measured at same time
Survey