Intellectual Disability Flashcards
What is a learning disability?
Condition of arrested or incomplete development of the mind, which is especially characterized by impairment of skills, manifested during the developmental period
What is an intellectual disability?
Deficits in intellectual functioning (IQ<70), deficits in adaptive functioning, developmental aetiology before 18 years
What are the O’Brien principles?
Learning disabled people will continue to grow and develop given an appropriate environment
They are worthy of all the dignity and rights of any citizen
What is the most commonly used test to test IQ?
WAIS
How do you test IQ in children?
WISC
Preschool: WPPSI
3 main categories of tests for diagnosing intellectual disability
Psychometric assessment (WAIS, WISC, WPPSI)
Clinical findings
Adaptive behaviour
64% of people have an IQ between
85-115
___ % of the population has an IQ of less than 70
2.5
95% of the population has an IQ between
75-135
What is happening to the number of learning disabled people? Why?
Growing, due to increased life expectancy and increased survival of premature babies
What is the Flynn effect?
Average rate of increase seems to be about 3 IQ points per decade
10 points per generation
Increases in attention and of semantic and episodic memory
Why has the Flynn effect occurred?
Schooling
Nutrition
Test familiarity
Largely unknown
What is happening to the Flynn effect? Why?
Slowing down
Gaming, less books and conversation
Average IQ of ______ ethnicities is _______ than European
Asian, higher
In ______ countries IQ is higher than in ______ countries
Developed
Developing
Who has the highest IQ?
Ashkenazi Jews!
What is NOT an intellectual disability
Dyslexia or any educational difficulty
Not acquired
Cognitive decline due to psychosis
Dementia
Borderline ID
70+
Mild ID
50-69
Moderate ID
35-49
Severe ID
20-34
Profound ID
<20
Most common ID ?
Mild, IQ 50-69 Mental age 9 to 12 Delayed speech Capable of unskilled or semi-skilled work Social and emotionally immature Full independence
Is Borderline ID in the ICD-10?
No
Intellectual disability vs learning difficulty
Intellectual - below average IQ and lack of skills needed for daily living
Learning - weaknesses in certain academic skills (dyslexia, etc)
Dual diagnosis in people with LD
Psychiatric disorder
