Alcohol Misuse and Addiction Flashcards
How many glasses of wine is 14 units?
6 glasses
How do you calculate units of all?
Strength(%) x ml volume /1000 = units
What cancer is most linked to alcohol?
Bowel
Alcohol misuse score is called ?
AUDIT
What is FRAMES for? What does it stand for?
Elements of a brief intervention
Feedback, responsibility, advice, menu, empathy, self-efficacy
ICD-10 criteria of dependence
A strong desire to take substance, difficulty controlling substance use, withdrawal state, tolerance, persistence despite evidence of harm
The ______ pathway, the pathway of ‘wanting’
Mesolimbic
Dopamine in the mesolimbic pathway is a _______ signal
Motivating
What dopamine receptors are decreased by addiction?
D2
Why is this dopamine receptor down regulation significant?
Threshold for reward is increased, and they become dependent on the drug
What does the pre-frontal cortex do?
Helps intention guide behaviour
Modulates the powerful effects of the reward pathway
Sets goals, makes sound decisions
Keeps emotions and impulses under control
What does the OFC provide?
Assigns values to events
Key creator of motivation to act
Addicts show ______ activation of OFC when presented with drug cues
Increased
The ______ is dysfunctional in addicted people
PFC
Salience definition
Importance, dominance
