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KN JD NPTE: OTHER SYSTEMS > OTH: Metabolic Obesity/Thyroid/Adrenal > Flashcards

OTH: Metabolic Obesity/Thyroid/Adrenal Flashcards

1
Q

Overweight BMI

A

25-29.9

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2
Q

Obese BMI

A

> 30

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3
Q

Morbidly obese BMI

A

> 40

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4
Q

Health risks associated with obesity? (7)

A
  1. HTN
  2. Hyperlipidemia
  3. DMT2
  4. CVD
  5. gallbladder disease
  6. Infertility
  7. CA (endometrium breast, prostate, colon)
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5
Q

Genetics may account for ___% of BMI

A

30-40

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6
Q

Medical causes that may lead to obesity? (4)

A
  1. Metabolic disorders
  2. Endocrine problems
  3. hypothyroidism
  4. Cushing’s syndrome
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7
Q

Obesity: reduce caloric intake- fat intake < __% total energy intake

A

30

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8
Q

Obesity: Exercise testing at what level? (__ METs), with small workload increments of ___ METs

A

Submax, low initial workload (2-3 METs), increments of .5-1 METs

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9
Q

Obesity ExRx: FITT

A

F: 5-7 days
I: initially 40-60% VO2R or HRR, progress to 50-70%
T: 30-60 min
T: aerobic, circuit training, aquatic

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10
Q

Obesity: RED FLAGS Exercise Pxns

  1. Typically have __ compromise (__, increased __, __)
  2. Exhibit altered biomechanics leading to ___
  3. Increased risk of ___ breakdown
  4. Increased __ intolerance
  5. Increase risk of therapist ___
A
  1. CV (SOB, increased BP, angina
  2. Joint pain and injury
  3. Skin
  4. Heat
  5. Injuring self due to body mechanics
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11
Q

Hypothyroidism: decreased activity of thyroid gland with deficient thyroid secretion of _____ (__ T4 levels, __ TSH)

A

Thyroxine

Decrease, increase

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12
Q

Hypothyroidism: ___ metabolic processes, affects body temp, HR, __ body processes

A

Slow

Slow

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13
Q

Hypothyroidism: etiology

  1. Decreased ____ hormone secreted by __ or ___
  2. Atrophy of ___ gland
  3. Chronic autoimmune (_____ disease)
  4. OD with ___ meds
A
  1. Thyroid-releasing hormone, hypothalamus/pituitary
  2. Thyroid
  3. Hashimoto’s
  4. Antithyroid
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14
Q

If untreated, hypothyroidism can lead to ___ with swelling of ___, ___, ____. What is tx?

A

Myxedema
Hands, feet, face
Tx: lifelong thyroid replacement therapy

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15
Q

RED FLAG: hypothyroidism- exercise ____, weakness, apathy, exercise induced ____ and ___ CO.

A

Intolerance
myalgia
Decreased

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16
Q

Hyperthyroidism: hyperactivity of thyroid gland (___ TH4 levels, __ TSH)

A

Increase

Decrease

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17
Q

Etiology of hyperthyroidism?

A

Unknown (iodine deficiency)

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18
Q

Hyperthyroidism: thyroid typically ___, secretes greater than normal thyroid hormone ___

A

Enlarged

Thyroxine

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19
Q

Hyperthyroid related to 3 conditions:

A
  1. Grave’s disease
  2. Thyroid storm
  3. Thyrotoxicosis
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20
Q

Tx for hyperthyroidism?

A

Antithyroid drugs, radioactive iodine may also be prescribed or surgical ablation may be indicated

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21
Q

RED FLAG: hyperthyroidism can result in exercise ___, ___ associated with hypermetabolic state

A

Intolerance, fatigue

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22
Q

HYPO or HYPERthyroidism?

Constipation

A

Hypo

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23
Q

HYPO or HYPERthyroidism?

Depression, fatigue

A

Hypo

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24
Q

HYPO or HYPERthyroidism?

Dry thin hair, hair loss

A

Hypo

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25
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | peripheral edema, peripheral neuropathy
Hypo
26
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | CTS
Hypo
27
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | Slow HR, swelling of thyroid gland (goiter)
Hypo
28
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | Depression, dry skin
Hypo
29
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | Unexpected weight gain
Hypo
30
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | Cold intolerance
Hypo
31
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | nervous, tremor
Hyper
32
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | Hyperreflexia, palpitations/tachycardia
Hyper
33
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | Hunger, diarrhea
Hyper
34
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | Wt loss
Hyper
35
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | Heat intolerance
Hyper
36
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | Goiter
Both (?)
37
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | Increased sweating, anxiety
Hyper
38
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | Exuphthalmia (bulging eyes)
Hyper
39
HYPO or HYPERthyroidism? | Dyspnea
Hyper
40
Parathyroid: secretes ___, which regulates __ and __ metabolism
PTH, calcium, phosphorous
41
Hyperparathyroidism: increased PTH leads to ___ Ca levels and __ serum phosphate
Increased Ca, decreased phos
42
Hyperparathyroidism: | ___ of bone, subsequent __ of bone strength/density
Demineralization, loss
43
Hyperparathyroidism: often discovered how?
Asymptomatic hypercalcemia on dx
44
Hypoparathyroidism: decreased or absent ___, commonly result of ___ of gland
PTH, removal
45
Hypoparathyroidism: ___ serum Ca, ___ serum phosphate, __ serum PTH
Decrease, increase, decrease
46
HYPER or HYPOparathyroidism? | proximal weakness
Hyper
47
HYPER or HYPOparathyroidism? | Fatigue, drowsy, depression
Hyper
48
HYPER or HYPOparathyroidism? | Arthralgia/myalgia
Hyper
49
HYPER or HYPOparathyroidism? | Pancreatitis
Hyper
50
HYPER or HYPOparathyroidism? | Gout, osteopenia/fx
Hyper
51
HYPER or HYPOparathyroidism? | Confusion/memory loss
Hyper
52
HYPER or HYPOparathyroidism? | Glove/stocking sensation loss
Hyper
53
HYPER or HYPOparathyroidism? | Osteitis fibrosis cystica (bone lesions: Brown tumors)
Hyper
54
HYPER or HYPOparathyroidism? | Neck stiffness, muscle cramps
Hypo
55
HYPER or HYPOparathyroidism? | Seizures, irritability, tetany
Hypo
56
HYPER or HYPOparathyroidism? | Shaking arms/legs, depression
Hypo
57
HYPER or HYPOparathyroidism? | Chovstek’s sign (twitching facial muscles with tapping of facial N in front of ear)
Hypo
58
Primary adrenal insufficiency
Addson’s disease
59
Addson’s disease: partial/complete failure of adrenocortical fxn, results in __ production of __ and __
Decreased, cortisol, aldosterone
60
Etiology of Addson’s disease
AI process, infection, neoplasm, hemorrhage
61
Medical interventions for addson’s disease?
Replacement therapy (glucocorticoid, adrenal corticoids), adequate fluid intake, diet high in complex carbs/protein
62
Addson’s Disease sx: 1. ___ pigmentation of skin 2. __ and __ endurance 3. __ (eating), dehydration 4. Wt __, __ disturbances 5. psych conditions? 6. Decreased tolerance to __ temp 7. Intolerance to stress 8. __ calcification
1. Bronze 2. Weakness, decreased 3. Anorexia 4. Loss, GI 5. Anxiety, depression 6. Cold 7. Tendon
63
Secondary adrenal insufficiency can result from prolonged __ therapy (____), rapid withdrawal of __, __ or __ tumors
Steroid (ACTH), drugs, hypothalamic/pituitary
64
Metabolic disorder from chronic and excessive production of cortisol by adrenal cortex
Cushing’s Syndrome
65
___ is result of drug toxicity (over-administration of glucocorticoids)
Cushing’s
66
Etiology of Cushing’s?
Most common is PITUITARY TUMOR with increased secretion of ACTH
67
Medical interventions for Cushing’s?
Decrease excess ACTH, irradiation or surgery excision of pituitary tumor or control of meds - monitor weight, electrolyte/fluid balance
68
S/sx Cushing’s: 1. __ glucose tolerance 2. Facial characteristics? 3. Weight gain/loss? Where? 4. Bone condition? 5. __ testosterone or __ menstruated period 6. Muscle __ 7. Edema 8. Hypo__ 9. Emotional changes
1. Decreased 2. Moon face, increased facial hair 3. Gain, increased fat pads abdomen, chest, BUFFALO HUMP 4. Osteoporosis 5. Decreased, decreased 6. Atrophy/wasting 7. — 8. Hypokalemia

KN JD NPTE: OTHER SYSTEMS (12 decks)

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